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Specially designed engines and fuels can reduce air emissions and water consumption

2020-08-11

According to reports, research led by personnel from the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory shows that in the next 30 years, if advanced fuel mixtures and new engine designs are used, greenhouse gas emissions, air pollutants and water consumption can be reduced.

This study focuses on the potential impact of diversifying the fuel mix in the United States, including increasing the proportion of biofuels and designing engines that use this type of blended fuel. The researchers said that compared with engines using traditional fuels, doing so can increase engine efficiency by 10%. Lead researcher Jennifer Dunn said: "Biomass has the potential to be used to produce blended fuels and improve fuel economy. This can reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of fossil fuels in two ways: reducing fuel consumption as a whole, and increasing compared with traditional gasoline. A lower fuel share with a carbon footprint because they are made from renewable biomass."

In the current study, researchers used computer models to analyze the economic and environmental impacts of three different biofuel blends widely used. The research team included researchers from Argonne, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory of the US Department of Energy, and Lexidyne, a data analysis company in Colorado.

The results show that from 2025 to 2050, the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions of the light transport sector will be 4-7% lower than normal. Starting in 2050, greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced by 7-9%. Between 2025 and 2050, water consumption will be reduced by 3-4%, and PM2.5 emissions of harmful particles will be reduced by 3%. Dunn said: "Analysis shows that if engines designed in conjunction with these fuels are used, fuel economy can be improved and more attractive to car owners." Because they can not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reduce air pollutants and water consumption, but also Reduce expenditure on oil pumps.

The analysis found that, according to the growth rate and scope, guiding the US fleet to adopt more advanced engine designs and taking advantage of the advantages of bio-mixed fuels can increase 278,000 to 1.7 million jobs every year. Dunn said that this transition will take time, "so we must continue to develop these technologies and introduce them to consumers' car options."