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The role and type of oil ring

2020-12-02

The function of the oil ring is to evenly distribute the lubricating oil splashing on the cylinder wall when the piston moves up, which is beneficial to the lubrication of the piston, piston ring and cylinder wall; when the piston moves down, it scrapes off the excess lubricating oil on the cylinder wall to prevent lubrication Breach into the combustion chamber to burn. According to the different structure, the oil ring is divided into two types: ordinary oil ring and combined oil ring.
Ordinary oil ring

The structure of the ordinary oil ring is generally made of alloy cast iron. A groove is cut in the middle of the outer circular surface, and many oil drain holes or slits are machined at the bottom of the groove.

Combined oil ring

The combined oil ring is composed of upper and lower scrapers and an intermediate lining spring. The scrapers are made of chrome-plated steel. In the free state, the outer diameter of the scraper installed on the lining spring is slightly larger than the cylinder diameter. The distance between the blades is also slightly larger than the width of the ring groove. When the combined oil ring and piston are installed in the cylinder, the liner spring is compressed in both axial and radial directions. Under the action of the spring force of the liner spring, the wiper can be tightened. Pressing against the cylinder wall improves the oil scraping effect. At the same time, the two scrapers also tightly abut on the ring groove. The combined oil ring has no backlash, thus reducing the oil pumping effect of the piston ring. This kind of oil ring has high contact pressure, good adaptability to the cylinder wall, large oil return passage, small weight, and obvious oil scraping effect. Therefore, the combined oil ring is widely used in high-speed engines. Generally, one to two oil rings are installed on the piston. When two oil rings are used, the lower one is often placed at the lower end of the piston skirt.