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The role of the engine cylinder head

2020-06-29

The cylinder head is installed on the top of the cylinder block, sealing the cylinder from above and forming a combustion chamber. It is often in contact with high-temperature and high-pressure gas, so it bears a large thermal load and mechanical load. A cooling water jacket is made inside the cylinder head of the water-cooled engine, and the cooling water holes on the lower end surface of the cylinder head communicate with the cooling water holes of the cylinder block. Use circulating water to cool high temperature parts such as combustion chamber.

The cylinder head is also equipped with inlet and exhaust valve seats and valve guide holes for installing inlet and exhaust valves, as well as intake and exhaust channels. The cylinder head of the gasoline engine has holes for installing spark plugs, while the cylinder head of the diesel engine has holes for installing injectors. A camshaft bearing hole is also machined on the cylinder head of the overhead camshaft engine to install the camshaft.

The cylinder head is generally made of gray cast iron or alloy cast iron. The aluminum alloy has good thermal conductivity and is beneficial to improve the compression ratio. Therefore, in recent years, aluminum alloy cylinder heads have been used more and more.

The cylinder head is an integral part of the combustion chamber. The shape of the combustion chamber has a great influence on the operation of the engine. Due to the different combustion modes of gasoline engines and diesel engines, the parts of the cylinder head that make up the combustion chamber differ greatly. The combustion chamber of the gasoline engine is mainly on the cylinder head, while the combustion chamber of the diesel engine is mainly in the pit on the top of the piston.

Due to the deformation of the cylinder block, the deviation of the flatness of the cylinder block and the cylinder head increases, which will cause the cylinder to be tightly sealed, and air leakage, water leakage, or even gas will damage the cylinder gasket. The deformation of the cylinder block seriously affects the assembly quality of the engine, and also affects the assembly relationship between the flywheel housing and the transmission, causing the clutch and the transmission to work louder and wear more, and the power and economy of the engine are reduced. After polishing, this adverse effect can be eliminated.