Ipulasitiki ingenye yemithombo emikhulu yokungcola emhlabeni, futhi kuthatha amakhulu eminyaka ukwehlisa isithunzi ngokwemvelo. Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba yakwamanye amazwe, abacwaningi baseYale University's School of Environment kanye nase-University of Maryland basebenzise imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngokhuni ukuze benze ama-bioplastics aqinile futhi asimeme ukuze axazulule enye yezinkinga zemvelo ezicindezela kakhulu emhlabeni.

Umsizi onguProfessor u-Yuan Yao weSikole Sezemvelo seNyuvesi yase-Yale kanye noSolwazi uLiangbing Hu we-University of Maryland Centre for Materials Innovation nabanye babambisane ocwaningweni ukuze bakhiphe i-matrix enezimbotshana okhunini lwemvelo ibe udaka. Abacwaningi bathi ipulasitiki ekhiqiziwe ye-biomass ikhombisa amandla aphezulu kanye nokuzinza lapho iqukethe uketshezi, kanye nokumelana ne-UV. Ingase futhi igaywe kabusha endaweni yemvelo noma i-biodegraded ngokuphephile. Uma kuqhathaniswa namapulasitiki asekelwe ku-petroleum namanye amapulasitiki angaboli, umjikelezo wokuphila kwawo umthelela wemvelo mncane.

U-Yao uthe: "Sithuthukise inqubo yokukhiqiza elula futhi eqondile engasebenzisa izinkuni ukukhiqiza amapulasitiki asekelwe ku-bio futhi anezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini."

Ukuze benze ingxube ye-slurry, abacwaningi basebenzisa ama-wood chips njengezinto ezingavuthiwe futhi basebenzisa i-biodegradable and recyclable deep eutectic solvent ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo esinezimbotshana esixegayo kumpushana. Engxubeni etholiwe, ngenxa ye-nano-scale entanglement kanye ne-hydrogen bonding phakathi kwe-lignin evuselelwe kanye ne-cellulose micro/nano fiber, impahla inokuqukethwe okuqinile okuphezulu kanye ne-viscosity ephezulu, futhi ingaphonswa futhi igoqwe ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.

Abacwaningi babe sebeqhuba ukuhlola okuphelele komjikelezo wempilo ukuze bahlole umthelela wemvelo wama-bioplastics namapulasitiki ajwayelekile. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi lapho ishidi le-bioplastic lingcwatshwa emhlabathini, impahla yaphulwa ngemva kwamasonto amabili futhi yachithwa ngokuphelele ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu; ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bathi ama-bioplastics angabuye ahlakazwe abe yi-slurry ngokunyakaziswa kwemishini. Ngakho, i-DES itholakele futhi isetshenziswa kabusha. U-Yao uthe: "Inzuzo yaleli pulasitiki ukuthi lingagaywa kabusha ngokuphelele noma lenziwe libe yi-biodegraded. Sinciphise udoti wezinto ezibonakalayo ogelezela emvelweni."

UProfesa Liangbing Hu uthe le bioplastic inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, isibonelo, ingabunjwa ibe ifilimu ukuze isetshenziswe ezikhwameni zepulasitiki kanye nokupakisha. Lokhu kungenye yezindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ngayo amapulasitiki futhi enye yezimbangela zikadoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bathi le bioplastic ingabunjwa ibe yizinhlobo ezahlukene, ngakho-ke kulindeleke ukuthi isetshenziswe ekwenziweni kwezimoto.

Ithimba lizoqhubeka nokuhlola umthelela wokwandisa izinga lokukhiqiza emahlathini, ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulu kungase kudinge ukusetshenziswa kwenani elikhulu lezinkuni, okungase kube nomthelela omkhulu emahlathini, ekuphathweni komhlaba, emvelweni, nasekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Ithimba labacwaningi lisebenze nezazi zemvelo zamahlathi ukuze kwakhiwe imodeli yokulingisa ihlathi exhumanisa umjikelezo wokukhula kwehlathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza izinkuni-plastiki.

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