Indawo yokusebenza yendandatho ye-taper iyindawo ene-tapered ene-taper encane (i-taper ring cone angle ye-90 series injini ye-diesel ingu-2 °), futhi ingxenye yesiphambano i-trapezoidal. Ngemuva kokuthi isilinda sifakwe endandeni, umkhawulo wangaphandle ophansi wendandatho kuphela oxhumene nodonga lwesilinda, okwandisa ukucindezela kokuxhumana ebusweni futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kokugijima nokuvala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza kwe-oil scraping kuhle uma wehla, futhi ngenxa yomphumela we-"oil wedge" wendawo ethambekele lapho ukhuphuka, ingantanta kufilimu kawoyela futhi ibe nomthelela wokusabalalisa ngokulinganayo amafutha okugcoba. Ngakho-ke, nakuba ingcindezi yokuxhumana iphezulu, ngeke ibangele ukugqoka kwe-fusion.

Lapho ufaka indandatho ye-taper, kunesidingo sokuqondisa, futhi akufanele ifakwe emuva, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodala ukuvuza okukhulu kwamafutha (uwoyela wepompo), ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha okugcoba kanye ne-carbon deposits enjini. Ukuhlanganiswa okulungile kufanele kube: indawo encane yendandatho ye-taper ifakwe ibheke phezulu (umkhawulo omncane wendandatho ye-taper ye-90 series injini ye-diesel iqoshwe igama elithi "上", uma uphawu lwendandatho endala lungacacile. , isiphetho esipholishiwe sesiyingi esingaphandle kufanele sibheke phansi) . Indandatho ye-taper ayifanele indandatho yokuqala yomoya, ngoba indandatho yokuqala yomoya inokucindezela okukhulu okuvuthayo. Uma isetshenziswa njengendandatho yomoya yokuqala, ingase idudulwe isuke odongeni lwesilinda futhi ilahlekelwe umphumela wayo wokuvala.

2 Izindandatho eziphothiwe

Ingxenye ephambanweni yeringi esontekile ayilingani, futhi unqenqema olungaphezulu lwendilinga yangaphakathi yendandatho i-grooved (njengendandatho yesibili neyesithathu yenjini kadizili engu-4125A), noma i-chamfered (njengawo wonke amasongo omoya injini yedizili engu-4115T); Kukhona futhi ama-grooves noma ama-chamfers emaphethelweni angaphansi kwendandatho yangaphandle yendandatho. Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye yendandatho i-asymmetrical futhi amandla anwebekayo akalingani, izosonteka ngokwayo ngemva kokufaka isilinda. Ingaphandle lendandatho liyindawo ecijile enengaphezulu elincane kanye nephansi elikhulu, elixhumene ngendlela eqondile nodonga lwesilinda, futhi liphinde lixhumane nomugqa weringi, futhi liseduze nendawo yokugcina engenhla nengezansi. i-ring groove. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuba nokusebenza okuhle kokugijima nokuvala, kodwa futhi kunciphisa umthelela nokuguga endaweni eyindandatho, kanye nokusebenza kokukhuhla uwoyela nokusebenza kokusabalalisa uwoyela nakho kungcono. Ukufakwa kwendandatho ye-twist kuyafana nendandatho ye-taper, futhi kukhona nemfuneko yokuqondisa, futhi ayikwazi ukufakwa emuva, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzokwenza ukuthi amafutha agijime. Uhlangothi olungaphakathi olune-grooved noma lwe-chamfered lwendandatho ye-torsion kufanele lufakwe lubheke phezulu; uhlangothi olungaphandle olunemihosha noma olune-chamfered kufanele lufakwe lubheke phansi. Indandatho esontekile nayo ayifanele iringi yomoya yokuqala. Njengendandatho ye-taper, uma kusetshenziswa indandatho yomoya yokuqala, ingase idudulwe kude nodonga lwesilinda futhi ilahlekelwe umphumela wayo wokuvala.

3 imiphongolo izindandatho

Ingaphandle lendandatho emise okomgqomo iyindilinga futhi yodwa ngemva kokugaya, okulingana nesimo sokuqala sesigaba esingunxande ngemva kokugijima. Ngemva kokufakwa kusilinda, ixhumene nodonga lwesilinda, futhi ukunyakaza okuya phezulu naphansi kunomphumela wokwenza ifilimu yamafutha. Iqiniswe ngesivinini kanye namandla amahhashi aphezulu. Isetshenziswa kabanzi enjinini, njengendandatho yokuqala yegesi. Ezivamile ziyizindandatho zemiphongolo ye-rectangular cross-section, izindandatho zemiphongolo ye-trapezoidal ezinohlangothi olulodwa noma izindandatho zemiphongolo ye-trapezoidal enezinhlangothi ezimbili. Lapho ufaka, uhlangothi olunophawu kufanele lubheke phezulu kwepiston, ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukubangela ukwehluleka njengokuvaleka kahle, ukucindezela okuphansi kwesilinda, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha okwandisiwe, nobunzima bokuqalisa.

5 izindandatho elingunxande

Amasongo angama-rectangular abizwa nangokuthi izindandatho eziyisicaba, okulula ukuwenza, abe nendawo enkulu yokuxhumana nodonga lwesilinda, futhi abe nomphumela oqinile wokushisa ukushisa. Njengamanje angamasongo e-piston asetshenziswa kakhulu. Kulula ukuyifaka, ngaphandle kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa njengendandatho yomoya yokuqala, yesibili neyesithathu. Kodwa lapho i-piston iphindaphinda, inomsebenzi wokumpompa uwoyela, okungukuthi, uma i-piston iphinda iphinda, indandatho yepiston icindezela amafutha e-ring groove kuya ekamelweni elivuthayo kanye, futhi amafutha ampontshelwa kalula ekamelweni elivuthayo. Uma indandatho engunxande ixutshwa neringi ecijile noma iringi esontekile, iringi engunxande isetshenziswa njengeringi yokuqala yegesi.

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6 izindandatho trapezoidal

Indandatho ye-trapezoidal ivame ukusetshenziswa njengendandatho yomoya yokuqala yenjini ye-diesel enomthwalo ophezulu. Ingakwazi ukushintsha igebe phakathi kweringi ne-groove yeringi lapho i-piston ijika kwesokunxele nakwesokudla noma igebe phakathi kwezimbobo zendandatho lishintsha, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiphe amafutha e-coke kuyo, okungase kuvimbele indandatho ye-piston ukuthi ingabambeki ngenxa ye-gumming. .