Ngokuvamile, injini inesimo sokusetshenziswa kwamafutha, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha enjini ahlukene ngesikhathi esithile akufani, kodwa inqobo nje uma ingeqi inani elilinganiselwe, kuyinto evamile.
Amafutha okuthiwa "avuthayo" asho ukuthi amafutha angena ekamelweni elivuthayo lenjini futhi ahlanganyele ekushiseni kanye nengxube, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kukawoyela ngokweqile. Pho kungani injini ishisa amafutha? Siyini isizathu sokusetshenziswa kakhulu kukawoyela?
Ukuvuza kwamafutha kwangaphandle
Ziningi izimbangela zokuvuza kukawoyela, okuhlanganisa: imigqa kawoyela, imisele kawoyela, amapani kawoyela, ama-valve cover gaskets, amaphampu kawoyela, ama-fuel pump gaskets, ama-timing chain cover seal kanye nama-camshaft seal. Izici ezingenhla ezingenzeka zokuvuza azikwazi ukunakwa, ngoba ngisho nokuvuza okuncane kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni okukhulu kwamafutha. Indlela yokuthola ukuvuza ukubeka indwangu enombala okhanyayo phansi enjinini bese uyihlola ngemva kokuyicisha injini.
Ukwehluleka kophawu lwamafutha angaphambili nangemuva
Izigxivizo zikawoyela ezilimele ngaphambili nangemuva zizoholela ekuvuzeni kukawoyela. Lesi simo singabonwa kuphela uma injini isebenza ngaphansi komthwalo. Isigxivizo esiyinhloko samafutha kufanele sishintshwe ngemva kokugqoka, ngoba njengokuvuza kwamafutha, kuzodala ukuvuza okuphezulu.
Ukuguga okuyinhloko noma ukwehluleka
Amabhere amakhulu agugile noma anephutha angaqhumisa amafutha amaningi futhi aphonswe ezindongeni zesilinda. Njengoba ukuthwala kwanda, amafutha amaningi alahlwa phezulu. Isibonelo, uma imvume yokuklama i-bearing engu-0.04 mm inikeza ukuthambisa okujwayelekile nokupholisa, inani lamafutha eliphonswa ngaphandle livamile uma imvume yokuthwala ingagcinwa. Lapho igebe likhuphuka libe ngu-0.08 mm, inani lamafutha eliphonswe ngaphandle lizoba izikhathi ezingu-5 inani elivamile. Uma imvume inyuswa ibe ngu-0.16mm, inani lamafutha eliphonswe ngaphandle lizoba izikhathi ezingu-25 inani elivamile. Uma i-ayireli eyinhloko iphonsa uwoyela omningi, amafutha amaningi azochaphaza kusilinda, avimbele i-piston namaringi e-piston ekulawuleni uwoyela ngempumelelo.
Ukuthwala induku yokuxhuma egugile noma eyonakele
Umphumela wokuxhuma i-rod bearing clearance emafutheni ufana nowokuthwala okuyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amafutha aphonswa ngokuqondile ezindongeni zesilinda. Amabhodi okuxhuma agugile noma awonakele abangela ukuba amafutha amaningi aphonswe ezindongeni zesilinda, futhi amafutha amaningi angangena ekamelweni elivuthayo futhi ashiswe. Qaphela: Imvume yokuthwala enganele ngeke ibangele ukuguga ngokwayo, kodwa futhi igqoke ku-piston, izindandatho ze-piston kanye nezindonga zesilinda.
