“Njengenhliziyo” yomkhumbi-mkhathi, injini idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe be-aerospace. Injini iyimishini yamasu eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa uhlelo lwezinto ezibonakalayo olungahlangabezana nezidingo zokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye nempilo ende yesevisi ngesikhathi esifanayo kulinganiselwe kakhulu.
Kulesi sigaba, izinto zokwakha zezinga lokushisa eliphezulu njengamagumbi omlilo nezinjini zomoya zezinjini ze-aerospace zisabuswa ama-superalloy. Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40 yokuthuthukiswa, ukumelana kwezinga lokushisa kwezinto zensimbi ezimelelwa yi-crystal alloys eyodwa kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, kodwa kusekude nokushisa okuvuthayo kwenjini, futhi esizukulwaneni esisha sezinjini, igebe liyakhula kancane kancane. .
Njengempahla ehlanganisiwe yesakhiwo engasindi futhi esebenza kakhulu, impahla ye-ceramic isetshenziswa kabanzi endaweni yokushisa ephezulu. Ukusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa kuyenza ibe enye yezinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushintsha izinto ze-superalloy ezinjinini ze-aerospace, ikakhulukazi ezinjinini eziyinhloko.
Ngokombiko we-website ye-Russian "Izvestia" ngomhla ka-18, onjiniyela baseRussia baye bahlakulela ubuchwepheshe bokwenza izinjini ze-rocket nge-ceramics okokuqala ngqa emhlabeni. Izinjini ezinjalo zimelana kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu kunezinjini zensimbi ngakho-ke zisebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuthi izinto ze-ceramic aziminyene kancane, lokhu kuzovumela i-rocket ukuthi ifake impahla eningi ku-orbit ngenkathi isebenzisa uphethiloli omncane. Abathuthukisi bakholelwa ukuthi izitsha zobumba sezingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinjini zomoya zemishini ehlukahlukene eshisayo embonini yamandla.
"Senze injini yesampula elingana nesundu," kusho imenenja yephrojekthi ye-Ekipo yokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bobumba be-ceramic. "Akukho okungavamile ngale nto, kodwa akekho umuntu emhlabeni owake wakha into efana nalena." Izinjini. Sifunde ukuhlanganisa izinto zobumba ukuze izithungo zingabonakali, futhi amandla azo awekho ngaphansi kwendwangu eyodwa.”
Ngokusho kwabacwaningi, uma injini ye-turbine yenziwe nge-ceramic, ukusebenza kahle kwayo kuyoba ngaphezu kuka-15% ngaphezu kwalokho kwenjini ye-alloy.
Ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi imikhiqizo ye-ceramic eyenziwe ngobuchwepheshe obusha ingamelana ngokuphumelelayo nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukushaqeka okushisayo okwenzeka ezinjinini ze-rocket eziwuketshezi, okungukuthi, umehluko wokushisa ukusuka ekamelweni lokushisa kuya cishe ku-2,000 degrees Celsius ngomzuzwana owodwa nesigamu. Imibiko yokuhlolwa ibonise ukuthi amasampula enjini asinda ngaphezu kwama-thermal shock angaphezu kuka-120. Ochwepheshe baveza ukuthi izinjini zobumba azizona nje ezendawo. Ingase futhi ibe usizo ekwakhiweni komshini, njengamandandatho e-marine ceramic piston.
