Ulwazi oluthile mayelana nama-pistons

I-Piston ingumnyakazo ophindaphindayo emzimbeni wesilinda wenjini yemoto. Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo se-piston singahlukaniswa sibe phezulu, ikhanda nesiketi. Ingaphezulu le-piston liyingxenye eyinhloko yegumbi elivuthayo, futhi ukuma kwayo kuhlobene nefomu legumbi elikhethiwe elivuthayo. Izinjini zikaphethiloli zisebenzisa kakhulu ipiston eyisicaba, enenzuzo yendawo encane yokumunca ukushisa. I-piston top yenjini kadizili ivamise ukuba nemigodi ehlukahlukene, ukwakheka kwayo okuqondile, indawo kanye nosayizi kufanele kube nokwakheka kwengxube yenjini kadizili kanye nezidingo zomlilo.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-piston yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi isebenza ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ingcindezi ephezulu kanye nezimo zomthwalo ophezulu, izidingo zepiston ziphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuhlukaniswa kwepiston yenjini evuthayo kuxoxwa ngakho kakhulu.
1. Ngokusho kukaphethiloli osetshenzisiwe, ingahlukaniswa nge-piston yenjini kaphethiloli, i-diesel engine piston, i-piston yegesi yemvelo.
2. Ngokwempahla ye-piston, ingahlukaniswa ibe i-cast iron piston, i-piston yensimbi, i-aluminium alloy piston kanye ne-piston ehlanganisiwe.
3. Ngokwenqubo yokukhiqiza izikhala zepiston, ingahlukaniswa ibe i-gravity casting piston, i-extrusion casting piston kanye nepiston engumgunyathi.
4. Ngokwesimo sokusebenza se-piston, ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: i-piston engacindezelwe kanye nepiston enomfutho.
5. Ngokwenhloso ye-piston, ingahlukaniswa nge-piston yemoto, i-piston yeloli, i-piston yesithuthuthu, i-Marine piston, i-tank piston, i-tractor piston, i-lawn mower piston, njll.

Ngamandla enjini yemoto, umnotho, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nezimfuneko zokwethenjwa ziya ngokuya ziqina kakhulu, i-piston isithuthuke yaba umkhiqizo wobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ohlanganisa izinto ezintsha ezingasindi nezinamandla aphezulu, indawo eyinhlanganisela eyi-cylindrical eyinhlanganisela ekhethekile, izimbobo zamaphini ezimise okwesipesheli. kanye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuqinisekisa ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukuqondisa okubushelelezi kanye nomsebenzi omuhle wokuvala i-piston. Yehlisa ukulahleka komsebenzi wokungqubuzana kwenjini, yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, umsindo nokukhipha umoya. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zidingo zokusebenza ezingenhla, indingilizi yangaphandle yepiston ivame ukuklanywa njengendilinga yangaphandle yomumo okhethekile (convex variable ellipse), okungukuthi, ingxenye yesiphambano i-perpendicular eksisi yepiston iyi-ellipse noma i-ellipse elungisiwe, futhi i-ellipticity iyashintsha eduze kwe-axis ngokomthetho othile (njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1), futhi ukunemba kwe-ellipticity kungu-0.005mm; Ikhonta engaphandle yengxenye ye-longitudinal yepiston iyijika elifanele lomsebenzi wokuhleleka okuphezulu, futhi ukunemba kwekhonta ngu-0.005 ~ 0.01mm. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe umthamo wokuthwala wepiston futhi kwandiswe ilitha lamandla enjini, izimbobo zamaphini episton enomthwalo omkhulu ngokuvamile ziklanywa zibe uhlobo lwekhoni encane yangaphakathi noma uhlobo oluvamile olugobile lwengcindezi (izimbobo zamaphini akhethekile), ukunemba kosayizi. Izimbobo zamaphini ziyizinga le-IT4, futhi ukunemba kwekhonta ngu-0.003mm. Njengezingxenye ezibalulekile zemoto, i-piston inezici eziqinile zobuchwepheshe ekusikeni. Imboni yokukhiqiza i-piston yasekhaya imvamisa yakhiwa ngamathuluzi omshini ojwayelekile kanye nemishini ekhethekile ehlanganiswe nezici zomugqa womshini we-piston, ngakho-ke, imishini ekhethekile isibe yimishini ebalulekile yokucutshungulwa kwe-piston, futhi umsebenzi wayo nokunemba kuzothinta ngqo izinkomba zekhwalithi zezici ezibalulekile zomkhiqizo wokugcina.