Ukuqhekeka kweringi yepiston yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zomonakalo kumakhonkco episton. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amakhonkco episton yokuqala kunye neyesibini aqhelene nokuphuka, kwaye iindawo eziqhekekileyo zisondele kakhulu. Umsesane wepiston unokwaphuka ube ziziqwenga ezininzi, okanye unokwaphuka okanye ungabikho. Isangqa sepiston esaphukileyo siya kwandisa ukunxiba kwe-cylinder. Iringi eyophukileyo ye-injini ye-diesel ene-stroke inokuvuthelwa kumbhobho wokukhupha umoya okanye kwibhokisi yokuhlamba, okanye ide ivuthelwe kwisiphelo se-turbo ye-turbocharger ukonakalisa iincakuba ze-iturbine, kubangele iingozi ezimandundu. Namhlanje ndiza kukusa ukuze ubone ukuba yintoni isizathu sokuqhawuka kweringi yepiston ~
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokwaphuka amakhonkco episton:
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zeringi yepiston eyaphukileyo. Ukongeza kwiziphene zezinto kunye nomgangatho ophantsi wokucubungula, ubangelwa ikakhulu kukugcinwa kakubi kunye nokulawulwa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kunye nomgangatho ombi wokuhlanganisa.
1. Isithuba phakathi komlomo sincinci kakhulu
Xa i-gap ye-overlap incinci kune-gap yendibano, ubushushu bokufudumala be-piston buyanda ngexesha lokusebenza, ukwenzela ukuba isinyithi kwi-overlap singabi nendawo eyaneleyo yokwandisa, kwaye iziphelo zombini zokuxinana zigobile kwaye zaphukile ziyadibana.
2. Ring groove carbon deposit
Ukutsha okungalunganga, ukutshisa kakhulu kwindonga ye-cylinder kwi-oxidize okanye ukutshisa ioli yokuthambisa kuya kubangela idiphozithi yekhabhoni enzulu kwi-cylinder. Xa iidipozithi ze-coke zinzima, ukuhamba kwendandatho kuvaliwe, kwaye ikhonkco kunye nodonga lwe-cylinder lusebenza ngamandla, kwaye i-oyile ekhutshiweyo kunye ne-chips zetsimbi zixutywe, kwaye phantsi kwesenzo segesi evuzayo, idiphozithi ye-coke enzima yendawo. yenziwe kwincam engezantsi ye-ring groove. Kukho iidiphozithi zekhabhoni eziqinileyo zalapha phantsi kweringi yepiston, kwaye indawo ephezulu iphantsi koxinzelelo lwerhasi ngamaxesha athile, okubangela ukuba umsesane wepiston wophuke ngenxa yokudinwa ukugoba.
3. Itafile yokugaya i-cylinder liner
Ukuhamba kwexesha elide elihambelanayo lendibano yepiston kunye ne-cylinder liner kubangela ukuba i-cylinder liner iguge kwaye iqonga lokugaya livela kwindawo ephezulu ye-cylinder liner. Xa ipiston inyuka iye phezulu kwiziko elifileyo, iringi yokuqala yepiston ibetha itafile yokusila kwaye iyachaphazeleka kwaye yophuka.
4. Ukugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo i-groove ye-ring
Isiphelo esisezantsi se-groove groove sithambekele (isimo sexilongo) emva kokugqoka ngokugqithiseleyo. Xa ipiston ikufuphi neziko eliphezulu elifileyo, uxinzelelo lwegesi lubangela ukuba umsesane unamathele kumphezulu ongezantsi we-groove yeringi, i-piston ring ijijekile kwaye ikhubazekile, kwaye i-piston ring groove igugile ngokugqithisileyo kwaye idinwe kwaye yaphukile.
5. Iringi yepiston ijinga izibuko lomoya
Kwii-injini ze-diesel ezine-stroke, i-piston ring isoloko ibanjwe ekutshayeleni kwaye i-exhaust port ibangela ukuba iringi yaphuke. Ngenxa yokuba umsesane wepiston unowona xinzelelo mkhulu kwindawo yokuvula, i-deformation yobushushu inkulu, kwaye iimbambo phakathi kwamazibuko omoya kwi-cylinder liner zikhubazeka ngokulula bubushushu. Xa ipiston ishukuma, iringi idibana nezibuko lomoya, kwaye umsesane uya kwaphulwa nje ukuba umsesane wokuvula ubambe kancinci izibuko lomoya.
6. Ukwandiswa kwe-radial kunye nokudinwa kwe-contraction ye-piston ring
Xa i-elastic force ye-piston ring ingonelanga okanye i-cylinder liner igugile kakhulu, i-piston ring kunye nodonga lwesilinda alukwazi ukuqhotyoshelwa ngokusondeleyo, oko kukuthi, ukuxinwa komoya akukwazi ukugcinwa, ukwenzela ukuba igesi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ivuze indandatho. i-ring groove. Xa ipiston ihla, uxinzelelo lwegesi kwi-cylinder luyancipha, kwaye ikhonkco yepiston iyakhutshwa kwi-groove ye-ring. Iringi yepiston iyaqhubeka ikhula kwaye ikhontrakthi ngokukhawuleza, ibangela ukudinwa kunye nokwaphuka.
7. Ukunxitywa okugqithisileyo kweringi yepiston kwenza ukuba amandla eringi angakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kwaye iringi yaphukile.
Izinto zangoku zepiston ziyizinto ezinqabileyo ezinje ngentsimbi engwevu, intsimbi ephothiweyo, intsimbi edityanisiweyo, kunye nolwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lunokuba ne-porosity, iintanda okanye ukwahlula kwamacandelo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa, enokubangela ukuba amandla asekhaya ehle okanye agxininise uxinzelelo. kwiintanda, kubangela ukothuka ngexesha lomsebenzi Ukwaphuka okanye ukwaphuka kokudinwa.
8. Ukunxiba okunzulu kwe-cylinder liner
Ukunxiba okunyathelweyo kwindawo ephezulu kunye nesezantsi kweendawo ezifileyo kubangela amagxa, ukunxiba okukhulu kwisiphelo esikhulu sentonga yokudibanisa okanye utshintsho kwindawo yokuqala yeziko lokufa emva kokuba iziphelo ezinkulu nezincinci zentonga yokudibanisa zilungiswe, okukhokelela kwimpembelelo kwaye yaphukile. ring phantsi kwesenzo samandla angenasiphelo .
9. Ingxaki yentsebenziswano phakathi kweoli yokuthambisa kunye nepetroli
Ukusuka kuhlalutyo lwendalo yamafutha, ezinye izibaso ziqulethe umxholo ophezulu wesulfure, njenge-fuel kaReye's 1000s. Ngoko ke, xa i-fuel isitsha, ngaphezulu kwe-SO2 kunye ne-SO3 ziveliswa. Nangona kunjalo, i-SO2 kunye ne-SO3 zigesi kumaqondo aphezulu, kwaye ukusebenzisana kwazo ngokuthe ngqo kunye neentsimbi kunokubangela ukubola kwegesi. Kwakhona kukhuthaza ukuqina kweediphozithi zekhabhoni kunye ne-colloidal deposits, eyandisa ukunxiba kwee-cylinder liners kunye namakhonkco episton. Ngokweemfuno, xa iinjini zedizili zisebenzisa amafutha anesulfure ephezulu, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ioyile yokuthambisa eyomeleleyo okanye enealkaline. Ukuba i-injini engundoqo ayiyisebenzisi i-oyile ye-cylinder ehambelana namafutha okanye ibuyisela i-oyile ye-cylinder nge-oyile ye-injini. Ngale ndlela, ukukwazi kweoyile yokuthambisa ukuthambisa iasidi eyenziwe kukutsha kuncitshisiwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba into eneasidi idle ipiston kunye neringi yepiston ngokunzulu ngakumbi, okukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kweringi yepiston rhoqo.
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Indlela yonyango olungxamisekileyo yeringi yepiston eyaphukileyo:
Ukuqhekeka kweringi yepiston kwenzeka ikakhulu kwiringi yepiston ephezulu, ehlala ibonakaliswe kubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngakumbi xa umphezulu we-cylinder unxitywa. Ukuba i-ring iphuka ngexesha lokusebenza, ukuphuka kwendandatho kuya kukrazula indawo yangaphakathi ye-cylinder kwaye yenze isandi; okanye indawo esezantsi yesilinda iya kutshisa kakhulu ngenxa yokuvuza kwerhasi, eya kuthi emva koko ivuze kwi-crankcase kwaye ivelise inkungu enkulu yeoli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emva kokuba i-piston ring yaphukile, uxinzelelo loxinzelelo luyancitshiswa, olukhokelela ekutshiseni kakubi kunye nomsi omnyama kwigesi yokukhupha.
