『Rotary Engine』
2021-08-27
Injini yatinowanzoona iri muchimiro chepiston inodzokorodza kufamba, ndiko kuti, piston inoita inodzokorodza mutsara kufamba mucylinder, uye mutsara kufamba kwepiston kunoshandurwa kuita kutenderera kwe crankshaft kuburikidza ne crankshaft, nepo inotenderera. injini haina iyi shanduko, iri kuburikidza nepiston Kutenderera mucylinder kunotyaira shaft huru yeinjini (iyo iri, crankshaft yeinjini yakajairika, nekuti haina kukombama, haichanzi crankshaft), saka pane musiyano mukuru pakati pezviviri izvi.
A. Kubata sitiroko: Kufamba kwepiston kubva kumusoro kwakafa kusvika pasi kwakafa kunonzi intake stroke (crankshaft rotation angle 0~180°). Mune sitiroko iyi, vharuvhu yekupinda inovhura, vheji yekuburitsa inovhara, uye kamuri yemhepo inotaurirana nemhepo. Atmospheric pressure inoita kuti mafuta negasi musanganiswa upinde, uye kudzvanywa mucylinder kunenge 0.075 ~ 0.09MPa pakupera kwekutora.
B.Compression stroke: Nzira yekufamba kwepiston kubva pasi pasi yakafa kusvika kumusoro yakafa inonzi compression stroke (iyo crankshaft rotation angle ndeye 180 ° ~ 360 °). Mune sitiroko iyi, mavharuvhu ekutora uye ekupera akavharwa zvakakwana, uye mafuta uye gasi musanganiswa wekumanikidza mukamuri yemhepo zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera. Kudzvinyirirwa mukamuri yemhepo pakupera kwekumanikidza sitiroko inenge 0.6 kusvika 1.2 MPa.
C.Power stroke: The process of piston movement from top dead center to bottom dead centre inonzi power stroke (crankshaft rotation angle 360 ° ~ 540 °). Mune sitiroko iyi, mavharuvhu ekupinza uye ekubudisa anovharwa zvakazara, uye spark plug inosvetuka kana piston iri panzvimbo yepakati yakafa. Moto unobatidza musanganiswa wemafuta negasi kuita kuti kudzvanywa mucylinder kukwire zvakanyanya (kusvika 3 ~ 5MPa), sundidzira piston kuti iende ku crankshaft, kudzvanywa kunodonha zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kudzvanywa mukamuri yemhepo kunenge 0.3 ~ 0.5MPa pakupera kwesimba sitiroko.
D.Exhaust stroke: Nzira yekufamba kwepiston kubva pasi yakafa pakati kusvika kumusoro yakafa inonzi exhaust stroke (crankshaft rotation angle 540 ° ~ 720 °). Mune sitiroko iyi, vharuvhu yekupinza inovharwa, vharafu yekuburitsa inovhurwa, uye piston inokwira kumusoro kuti isunda kupisa. Iyo gasi yekupedza inobudiswa kubva mukamuri yemhepo, uye mhepo yemhepo muimba yemhepo inenge 0.105 ~ 0.115 MPa pamagumo ekurohwa. Kupera kwesitiroko kunoratidzawo kupera kwekufamba kweinjini.
Mufananidzo uri pasi apa unoratidza kuenzanisa kwega kwega kwejini inotenderera uye injini inodzokorora (kuruboshwe rwemakomba maviri emhepo mumufananidzo ndiko kutora uye rutivi rworudyi ndiyo inopera). Injini inotenderera yakafanana neinjini inodzokororwa ina. Kutsikirira, kushanda, uye kupera kunoumbwa nesitiroko zvina. Iyo mhango yekushanda (BC inoshanda mhango) yakaumbwa pakati penzvimbo yakakomberedzwa BC yetriangular rotor uye humburumbira yehumburumbira inotorwa semuenzaniso kuratidza mana-stroke kushanda musimboti weinjini inotenderera.
Kutora sitiroko: Kana kona yeC ye triangular rotor ichitendeukira kumucheto wekurudyi wegomba rekupinza, BC inoshanda chamber inotanga kupinza mhepo. Pachinzvimbo a, maburi ekutora uye ekupera akabatana, uye kupinza uye kupera kunopindirana. Iri ndiro vhoriyamu diki diki yeBC inoshanda kamuri, iyo yakaenzana neyepamusoro akafa pakati chinzvimbo cheinjini inodzokorodza. Sezvo rotor inoramba ichitenderera, vhoriyamu yeBC yekamuri yekushanda inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye musanganiswa unopisa unoramba uchiyamwa muhumburumbira. Kana rotor ichitenderera 90 ° (iyo shaft huru inotenderera 270 °, chiyero che rotor kusvika kune main shaft kumhanya mujini inotenderera ndeye 1: 3, iyo inotemerwa nemeshing giya) inosvika panzvimbo b, vhoriyamu yeBC. kamuri yekushanda inosvika pakakwirira, iyo yakaenzana nechepasi yejini inodzorera Panzvimbo yakafa yepakati, chirwere chekudya chinopera.
Kutsikirira sitiroko: Sezvo triangular rotor inoramba ichitenderera, iyo yekona yepamusoro B inoyambuka kumucheto kwekuruboshwe kwegomba rekupinza, uye kuputika kwekurohwa kunotanga, vhoriyamu yeBC inoshanda chamber inoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye dzvinyiriro inova yakakura uye yakakura. Kana yasvika panzvimbo c, rotor inotenderera 180 ° (Iyo shaft huru inotenderera 540 °), BC yekamuri yekamuri yevhoriyamu inosvika zvishoma, iyo yakaenzana nepamusoro pekufa kwepakati nzvimbo yejini inodzorera, uye kuputika kwekumanikidza kunopera.
Kushanda sitiroko: Pakupera kwekumanikidza sitiroko, spark plug inopenya, tembiricha yakakwira uye gasi rekumanikidza rinosundira triangular piston kuti irambe ichitenderera, uye vhoriyamu yeBC kamuri inoshanda zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera. Kana kona C inosvika kumucheto wekurudyi wegomba rekuburitsa, panzvimbo d, rotor inotenderera 270 ° (spindle rotation 810 °), vhoriyamu yeBC inoshanda chamber inosvika pakakwirira, iyo yakaenzana nechepasi yakafa nzvimbo yepakati iyo injini inodzokorora, uye kurohwa kwesimba kunopera.
Exhaust stroke: apo katatu rotor angle C inotendeukira kurutivi rworudyi rwegomba rekutsvaira, kuputika kwemhepo kunotanga, uye pakupedzisira katatu rotor inodzokera panzvimbo a, kupera kwemhepo kunopera, rotor inotenderera 360 ° (shaft huru inotenderera katatu. nguva), uye rimwe basa Kutenderera kunopera. Panguva imwecheteyo, CA inoshanda mhango uye AB inoshanda mhango zvakare inopedzisa kutenderera kwekushanda zvichiteerana.
● Kuenzanisa kwekugadzirwa kweinjini:
Rotary injini: boka remuviri, chitima chevhavha, system yekugovera, ignition system, inotonhorera system, lubrication system, yekutanga system
Reciprocating piston engine: body set, crank yekubatanidza rod mechanism, valve train, supply system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system, kutanga system
● Zvakanakira uye kuipa kweinjini mbiri idzi:
◆ Injini inodzokorora:
mukana:
1. Tekinoroji yekugadzira yakakura. Yakazvarwa kwemakore anopfuura zana nemakumi maviri. Tekinoroji dzakasiyana siyana dzakaramba dzichivandudzwa. Ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukati memoto injini munyika uye ine yakaderera kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa mutengo.
2. Basa rakavimbika, kusimba kwemhepo yakanaka uye kuvimbika kwekutumira simba.
3. Mafuta akanaka ehupfumi.
kukanganisa:
1. Chimiro chakaoma, vhoriyamu yakakura uye uremu hunorema.
2. Iko kudzoreredza inertial simba uye nguva ye inertia inokonzerwa nekudzoreredza kufamba kwepiston mu crank connecting rod mechanism haigoni kuenzana zvachose. Hukuru hweiyi simba inertial inoenderana neskweya yekumhanya, izvo zvinoderedza kutsvedzerera kweinjini inomhanya uye inotadzisa kuvandudzwa kweinjini dzinomhanya.
3. Sezvo nzira yekushanda yeinjini yepiston yechina-stroke inodzokorora kuti katatu pamakumbo mana anonyatsovimba neflywheel inertia rotation, simba uye torque kubuda kweinjini hazvina kuenzana, kunyange zvazvo injini dzemazuva ano dzinoshandisa multi-cylinder uye V. -magadzirirwo akaumbwa. Deredza kukanganisa uku, asi hazvibviri kubvisa zvachose.
◆ Rotary injini:
mukana:
1. Saizi diki uye huremu huremu, zviri nyore kudzikisa pakati pegiravhiti yemotokari. Sezvo injini inotenderera isina crank yekubatanidza tsvimbo, kureba kweinjini kunoderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye pakati pesimba rinokwevera mota inodzikiswa panguva imwe chete.
2. Chimiro chakareruka. Kuenzaniswa neinjini yepiston inodzosera, injini inotenderera inoderedza crank yekubatanidza tsvimbo, inotungamira kune yakareruka injini meshini uye zvikamu zvishoma.
3. Uniform torque maitiro. Sezvo silinda imwe yeinjini inotenderera iine makamuri matatu ekushanda panguva imwe chete, kubuda kwe torque kwakafanana kupfuura yeinjini yepiston inodzokorora.
4. Inobatsira pakugadzirwa kwemajini e-high-speed, nokuti piston rotor uye main shaft speed ratio ndeye 1: 3, high piston speeds haidiwi kuti iwane injini yepamusoro.
kukanganisa:
1. Kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakakwirira, uye kubuda kwemhepo kunonetsa kusangana nechiyero. Nekuti silinda yega yega ine makamuri matatu ekushanda, imwe neimwe shanduko yepiston rotor yakaenzana netambo nhatu dzesimba. Zvichienzaniswa ne3000rpm uye injini yepiston inodzokorora, injini yepiston inodzokorora inopfira ka750 nguva /min, uye injini inotenderera yakaenzana nekumhanya kwe1000rpm, asi inoda 3000 times/min. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kushandiswa kwemafuta ejini inotenderera kwakanyanya kudarika iyo yeinjini yepiston inodzokorora. Panguva imwecheteyo, chimiro chekamuri yekupisa yejini inotenderera haikodzeri kupisa kwakazara kwemusanganiswa unopisa, nzira yekuparadzira murazvo yakareba, uye kushandiswa kwemafuta kwemafuta kwakakura. Panguva imwecheteyo, kusvibiswa kwemukati mune gasi rekubuda kwakakwirira.
2. Nekuda kwechimiro cheinjini, rudzi rwekupisa chete runogona kushandiswa pachinzvimbo cheiyo compression ignition type, ndiko kuti, peturu chete inogona kushandiswa sehuni panzvimbo yedhiziri.
3. Nokuti injini inotenderera inoshandisa eccentric shaft, injini inodedera zvikuru.
4. Nzvimbo yakakwirira yesimba rinobuda shaft (spindle) haina kukodzera kurongeka kwemotokari yose.
5. Iyo yekugadzira uye yekugadzira tekinoroji yejini inotenderera yakakwira, uye mutengo wakanyanya.
