Kutsikirira simba (compression force) zvinoreva kudzvinyirirwa kunoitwa necylinder kana injini ichishanda. Panogona kunge paine zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekusakwana humburumbira pressure. Zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvitatu zvinotevera:

1. Kuramba kukuru kwekutora
Kuwedzera kwekupikisa kwemhepo kunoderedza kupinza kwemhepo. Semuenzaniso, firiji yemhepo yakavharwa, kuvhurwa kwevhavha kunoderedzwa, uye chikamu chemhepo yevhavha haina kuenzana, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwekupikiswa kwemhepo.

2. The compression reshiyo inova diki
Chiyero chekumanikidza chesilinda chinova chidiki, ndiko kuti, huwandu hwekamuri yekupisa hunowedzera. Mushure mekunge huwandu hwekamuri yekupisa hunowedzera, cylinder pressure ichadonha; chikonzero chekuwedzera kwevhoriyamu yekamuri yekupisa haina kunaka kana kusinga gadziriswe, senge gobvu cylinder gasket. Iyo pamusoro pemusoro wecylinder yakadzokororwa nekuda kweiyo isina musoro valve reamer. Pakukuya crankshaft, radius ye gyration yakaderedzwa. Pakugadzirisa tsvimbo yekubatanidza, nzvimbo yepakati pakati pemisoro mikuru uye miduku yakaderedzwa.

3. Compression system inodonha
Nekuda kwekukuvadzwa kwekupfeka, kusununguka uye kusarongeka, gwanza risingakoshi rinoonekwa pakati pezvikamu zvinoumba compression system, iyo isina chisimbiso, uye inoita kuti mhepo iri mucylinder ibude panguva yekumanikidza.
(1) Kudonha kwemhepo kwe cylinder head gasket
Mupendero we cylinder head gasket inobvinza mweya, zvichiita kuti gasi ribude panguva yekudzvanyirira uye kushanda sitiroko. Zvikonzero zve cylinder head gasket leakage ndezvi: kusakwana kusati kwasimba simba rehumburumbira rekugadzirisa mabhaudhi, kana kutadza kuomesa zvakaenzana mukutevedzana kunodiwa kwekusimbisa; warpage yejojo ​​ndege ye cylinder musoro uye cylinder block; kusakwana kweprotrusion urefu hwe cylinder liner, kana yakafanana Musiyano wehurefu wakakwira pakati pemasilinda maviri ari padyo yakakura kwazvo, tembiricha yekushanda yeinjini yedhiziri yakanyanya uye cylinder head gasket inopiswa; iyo compression ratio yakanyanya kwazvo, izvo zvinoita kuti kuputika kuwedzere kuve kwakanyanya.
(2) Piston mhete inobuda
Unogona kubaya mafuta einjini yakachena mucylinder. Kana iyo cylinder pressure yakawedzera zvakanyanya mushure mekuongorora, zvinoreva kuti mhete yepiston haina kuvharwa zvakasimba. Zvikasadaro, zvinoreva kuti cylinder pressure haina chekuita nemhete yepiston. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona zvakare kuona kubuda kubva pachiteshi chekuzadza oiri kana injini yedhiziri iri kushanda. Tongai kuwanda kwegasi rekupedza. Zvikonzero zvepiston ring mhepo kuvuza: kupfeka kwakakomba kwepiston, mhete yepiston, uye silinda, yakanyanyisa kuenderana kubvumidzwa, kusakwana kwepiston mhete elasticity, yakaputsika kana kunamira mugoro remhete nekabhoni deposits, uye haigone kufamba, iyo yekupedzisira clearance uye parutivi. clearance yepiston ring yakakurisa.
(3) Kubuda kwevhavha
Kusanganisira kubuda kwemhepo pakati pevharuvhu nechigaro chevharuvhu uye chigaro chevharuvhu uye musoro wecylinder.
Zvikonzero zvekudonha kwevharuvhu ndezvekuti: yakawandisa kabhoni deposits kana kukotama kwevharuvhu, izvo zvinoita kuti kufamba kwevharuvhu kusachinjike, zvichikonzera kuvharika kusingafungidzirwe kana kunonoka, uye iyo kabhoni deposits inowira munzvimbo yakarerekera yemhete yekubatana pakati pevhavha ne chigaro chevhavha, zvichiita kuti valve ivhare Lax; bhandi remhete rekubatanidza revhavha uye chigaro chevharuvhu chakasakara, chakavharwa kana mhete yekubata yakafara zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti vharafu isavhare zvakasimba, gaka revharuvhu rinonyangarika, chitubu chevhavha idiki kana kuputsika, zvekuti vharafu inopera. haina kuvharwa zvakasimba, uye chindori chechigaro chevhavha Kana mhete yechigaro chevhavha yakasunungurwa kana kuti isina kuvharwa, inokonzera kubuda kwemhepo.

Nzira yekutonga kubuda kwemhepo: Mhanya injini yedhiziri kweimwe nguva yenguva, uye kana tembiricha yekushandisa yeinjini yedhiziri ichikwira pamusoro pemadhigirii makumi mashanu, mira uye urove crankshaft. Panguva ino, kana vharafu ichidonha, simba rekumanikidza rehumburumbira rega rega rinonzwika. Mutsindo wakareba unonzwika papombi inopinza mhepo. Kana paine kudonha kwakakomba kwemhepo, ruzha rwe "chichi" runogona kunzwika zvakajeka kana injini yedhiziri ichishanda.