Zvikonzero zvikuru zvepiston bias ndezvizvi:

(1) Painobhowa silinda, iyo yekumisikidza haina kunaka, izvo zvinoita kuti iyo isiri-perpendicularity kukanganisa kwe cylinder centre line uye crankshaft main journal centre line ipfuure muganhu.

(2) Kusafanana kwemitsara yepakati pemakomba makuru uye maduku anotakura musoro anokonzerwa nekukotama kwetambo yekubatanidza; iyo isiri-parallelism yemitsara miviri yepakati yejoni yekubatanidza tsvimbo uye pepanhau guru rinopfuura muganhu.

(3) Iyo cylinder block kana cylinder liner yakaremara, zvichiita kuti vertical error ye cylinder center line ku crankshaft main bearing center line kuti ipfuure muganhu.

(4) Iyo crankshaft inogadzira kupeta uye torsion deformation, uye gadziriso haiitwe zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hwekuita, kuitira kuti pakati peiyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo jenari uye yepakati yejenari huru haisi mundege imwechete; kugadziridzwa kweiyo yekubatanidza tsvimbo yemhangura sleeve haina kusangana nehunyanzvi zvinodiwa, uye kutsauka hakuna kugadziriswa.

(5) Iyo piston yepini gomba haina kudzokororwa nenzira kwayo; iyo yepakati mutsara wepiston piston haina perpendicular kune yepakati mutsara wepiston, nezvimwe.