1. Crankshaft yonyamula kulephera kusungunuka

Chonyamula cha crankshaft chikasungunuka, momwe injiniyo imagwirira ntchito pambuyo poti vutolo lichitika ndi: phokoso lachitsulo lopanda phokoso komanso lamphamvu lidzatulutsidwa kuchokera pazitsulo zazikulu zosungunuka. Ngati mayendedwe onse asungunuka kapena kumasuka, padzakhala phokoso lomveka bwino la "dang, pang". Chifukwa cha kulephera

(1) Kuthamanga kwa mafuta odzola sikukwanira, mafuta opaka mafuta sangathe kufinya pakati pa shaft ndi kunyamula, kotero kuti shaft ndi kunyamula kumakhala mumkhalidwe wowuma kapena wowuma, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwa chonyamulira kukwera. ndi anti-friction alloy amasungunuka.

(2) Njira yamafuta opaka mafuta, chotengera mafuta, strainer yamafuta, ndi zina zotere zimatsekedwa ndi dothi, ndipo valavu yodutsa pasefayo siyingatsegulidwe (kutsegulira kwa kasupe wa valavu ndi kwakukulu kwambiri kapena valavu ya kasupe ndi mpira imakakamira. dothi, ndi zina zotero), Zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwamafuta opaka mafuta.

(3) Mpata pakati pa shaft ndi zonyamula ndi wochepa kwambiri kupanga filimu yamafuta; kunyamula ndi kwaufupi kwambiri ndipo sikusokoneza dzenje lanyumba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kunyamula kuzungulira mu dzenje la nyumba, kutsekereza dzenje la mafuta pa dzenje lanyumba, ndikusokoneza kaphatikizidwe ka mafuta opaka mafuta.

(4) Kuzungulira kwa crankshaft magazine ndikosauka kwambiri. Panthawi yothira mafuta, zimakhala zovuta kupanga filimu inayake yamafuta chifukwa magaziniyo siwozungulira (yokhala ndi chilolezo nthawi zina imakhala yayikulu komanso nthawi zina yaying'ono, ndipo filimu yamafuta nthawi zina imakhala yokhuthala ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yopyapyala), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala ochepa.

(5) Kupindika kwa thupi kapena kunyamula zolakwika, kapena kupindika kwa crankshaft, ndi zina zotere, kumapangitsa kuti mizere yapakati ya chonyamula chilichonse isagwirizane, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makulidwe a filimu yamafuta amtundu uliwonse azikhala wosagwirizana pomwe crankshaft imazungulira, ndipo ngakhale kugunda kowuma. fotokozani kuti musungunuke chonyamula.

(6) Kuchuluka kwa mafuta odzola mu poto yamafuta sikukwanira ndipo kutentha kwamafuta kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, kapena mafuta opaka mafuta amachepetsedwa ndi madzi kapena mafuta, kapena mafuta opaka amtundu wocheperako kapena mtundu wosagwirizana amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

(7) Kusakwanira bwino pakati pa kumbuyo kwa chimbalangondo ndi dzenje la mpando kapena padding yamkuwa, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuwonongeke.

(8) Kuthamanga kwachangu kwa injini, monga "kuthamanga" kwa injini ya dizilo, ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimawotcha zitsulo.

Kupewa zolakwika ndi njira zothetsera mavuto

(1) Musanakhazikitse msonkhano wa injini, tcherani khutu ku kuyeretsa ndi kuyang'ana njira ya mafuta odzola (kusamba ndi madzi othamanga kwambiri kapena mpweya), chotsani zinyalala zomwe zimatsekereza zosefera, ndikulimbikitsanso kukonza zosefera kuti mupewe. chinthu chosefera kuti chisatseke ndipo valavu yolambalala ikhale yosavomerezeka.

(2) Dalaivala ayenera kuyang'ana kutentha kwa injini ndi mphamvu ya mafuta odzola nthawi iliyonse, ndikuyang'ana phokoso lachilendo mu injini; yang'anani kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa mafuta opaka musanachoke mgalimoto.

(3) Kupititsa patsogolo kukonza kwa injini ndikulimbitsa kuwunika kokonzekera koyambirira kwa magawo oyambira.

(4) Kukwapula kwa chotengera chachikulu cha crankshaft kuyenera kupangitsa pakati pa dzenje lalikulu lililonse kukhala lokhazikika. Pankhani yapang'onopang'ono ndikukonza mwachidwi, njira yowonongeka yoyamba kuwongolera mzere wopingasa ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ntchito yopumula imagwirizana ndi ndodo yolumikizira ndodo. Zili zofanana.

2. Chingwe chachikulu cha crankshaft chimapanga phokoso

Kuchita kwa injini pambuyo pa phokoso lochokera ku crankshaft kumabwera chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa magazini yayikulu ya crankshaft ndi kunyamula. Chonyamula chachikulu chikasungunuka kapena kugwa, injini imanjenjemera kwambiri pomwe chopondapo chikada nkhawa kwambiri. Chovala chachikulu chavala, ndipo chilolezo cha radial ndi chachikulu kwambiri, ndipo padzakhala phokoso lolemetsa komanso lopanda phokoso. Kuthamanga kwa injini kumapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale lokwera kwambiri, ndipo phokoso limawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezeka kwa katundu. Chifukwa cha kulephera

(1) Bearings ndi magazini amavalidwa kwambiri; ziboliboli zomangira za chivundikirocho sizimatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndikumasulidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chilolezo chofananira pakati pa crankshaft ndi kubera chikhale chachikulu kwambiri, ndipo ziwirizi zimamveka ngati zikuwombana.

(2) Aloyi yonyamula imasungunuka kapena kugwa; kunyamula ndi kotalika kwambiri ndipo kusokoneza kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, kuchititsa kuti chotengeracho chisweke, kapena kunyamula kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kuti zisamangidwe bwino ndi kumasuka mu dzenje la nyumba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwirizo ziwombane.

Kupewa zolakwika ndi njira zothetsera mavuto

(1) Kupititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka injini. Maboti okonzekera a chivundikiro chonyamula ayenera kumangirizidwa ndi kutsekedwa. Kunyamula sikuyenera kukhala kwautali kwambiri kapena kwaufupi kwambiri kuti kuwonetsetse kusokoneza kwina.

(2) Gulu la mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito liyenera kukhala lolondola, palibe mafuta otsika omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kutentha koyenera ndi kupanikizika kuyenera kusamalidwa.

(3) Pitirizani kugwira ntchito bwino pamakina opaka mafuta, m'malo mwa mafuta opaka nthawi yake, ndikusunga zosefera zamafuta opaka pafupipafupi.

(4) Poyendetsa galimoto, dalaivala ayenera kumvetsera kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mafuta, ndipo mwamsanga ayang'ane ngati kuyankha kwachilendo kwapezeka. Pamene kusiyana kwa kubala kukukulira, kusiyana kwa kubereka kuyenera kusinthidwa. Ngati sichingasinthidwe, chonyamuliracho chikhoza kusinthidwa ndi kukwapula. Pamene cylindricity ya crankshaft magazine idutsa malire a ntchito, nyuzipepala ya crankshaft iyenera kupukutidwa ndipo zonyamula ziyenera kusankhidwanso.