Akwai dalilai da yawa waɗanda ke shafar zoben piston, kuma waɗannan abubuwan galibi suna haɗuwa. Bugu da ƙari, nau'in injin da yanayin amfani sun bambanta, kuma suturar zoben piston ma ya bambanta sosai. Sabili da haka, ba za a iya magance matsalar ta hanyar inganta tsari da kayan aiki na zoben piston kanta ba. Za a iya fara abubuwa masu zuwa:

1. Zaɓi kayan aiki tare da kyakkyawan aiki mai dacewa

Dangane da rage lalacewa, a matsayin kayan abu don zoben piston, dole ne ya fara samun juriya mai kyau da ajiyar mai. Gabaɗaya magana, dole ne ya zama zoben iskar gas na farko yana sawa fiye da sauran zoben. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci musamman don amfani da kayan da ke da kyau wajen ajiye fim ɗin mai ba tare da lalacewa ba. Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa ƙarfe na ƙarfe tare da tsarin graphite yana da daraja shi ne cewa yana da kyakkyawan ajiyar man fetur da kuma juriya.
Don ƙara haɓaka juriyar lalacewa na zoben piston, ana iya ƙara nau'ikan nau'ikan da abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan gami da baƙin ƙarfe. Misali, zoben simintin ƙarfe na chromium molybdenum na jan ƙarfe da aka saba amfani da shi a cikin injina yanzu yana da fa'ida a bayyane ta fuskar juriya da ajiyar mai.
A takaice dai, kayan da aka yi amfani da su don zoben piston ya fi dacewa don samar da tsari mai dacewa mai jurewa na matrix mai laushi da lokaci mai wuya, don haka zoben piston yana da sauƙin sawa yayin farawa na farko, kuma yana da wuya a sawa bayan gudu- in.
Bugu da ƙari, kayan aikin silinda wanda ya dace da zoben piston shima yana da tasiri mai girma akan lalacewa na zoben piston. Gabaɗaya magana, lalacewa shine mafi ƙanƙanta lokacin da bambancin taurin kayan niƙa ya zama sifili. Yayin da bambancin taurin ya karu, lalacewa kuma yana ƙaruwa. Koyaya, lokacin zabar kayan, yana da kyau a sanya zoben piston ya isa iyakar lalacewa a baya fiye da silinda akan yanayin cewa sassan biyu suna da mafi tsayin rayuwa. Wannan saboda maye gurbin zoben piston ya fi tattalin arziki da sauƙi fiye da maye gurbin silinda.
Don abrasive lalacewa, ban da la'akari da taurin, dole ne a yi la'akari da tasiri na roba na zoben piston. Abubuwan da ke da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi suna da wahalar sawa kuma suna da juriya mai ƙarfi.

2. Inganta tsarin tsari

Shekaru da yawa, an yi gyare-gyare da yawa ga tsarin zoben piston a gida da waje, kuma tasirin canza zoben gas na farko zuwa zoben saman ganga shine mafi mahimmanci. Domin zoben fuskar ganga yana da fa'ida iri-iri, dangane da lalacewa, ko da zoben fuskar ganga ya motsa sama ko ƙasa, man mai mai na iya ɗaga zoben ta hanyar aikin tsinken mai don tabbatar da mai mai kyau. Bugu da ƙari, zoben saman ganga kuma zai iya kauce wa nauyin gefen. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da zoben fuskar ganga a matsayin zoben farko a ingantattun injinan dizal, kuma an fi amfani da zoben fuskar ganga a wasu nau’ikan injinan dizal.
Dangane da zoben mai, zoben man ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ciki, wanda a yanzu ake amfani da shi a gida da waje, yana da fa'ida sosai. Wannan zoben mai da kanta yana da sauƙi sosai kuma yana da kyakkyawar daidaitawa ga nakasar silinda mai lalacewa, don ya iya kula da kyau The lubrication yana rage lalacewa.
Don rage lalacewa na zoben piston, tsarin giciye na ƙungiyar piston dole ne a daidaita shi da kyau don kula da hatimi mai kyau da lubricating fim din mai.
Bugu da ƙari, don rage lalacewa na zoben piston, tsarin silinda na silinda da piston ya kamata a tsara su da kyau. Misali, injin Silinda na injin Steyr WD615 yana ɗaukar tsarin tsarin dandamali. A yayin aiwatar da aiki, an rage yanki na lamba tsakanin silinda liner da piston zobe. , Yana iya kula da lubrication na ruwa, kuma adadin lalacewa yana da ƙananan. Bugu da ƙari, raga yana aiki azaman tankin ajiyar mai kuma yana haɓaka ikon layin silinda don riƙe mai mai mai. Sabili da haka, yana da matukar amfani don rage lalacewa na zoben piston da silinda na silinda. Yanzu injin gabaɗaya yana ɗaukar irin wannan nau'in tsarin tsarin silinda. Domin rage lalacewa na sama da ƙananan fuskoki na zoben piston, ƙarshen fuskokin zoben piston da tsagi na zobe ya kamata su kula da sharewa mai kyau don guje wa nauyin tasiri mai yawa. Bugu da kari, sanya layukan simintin simintin gyare-gyare na austenitic a cikin babban tsagi na zobe na fistan shima zai iya rage lalacewa a fuskoki na sama da na ƙasa, amma wannan hanyar ba ta buƙatar haɓaka gabaɗaya sai ga yanayi na musamman. Saboda sana'ar sa ya fi wuyar iyawa, farashin kuma ya fi girma.

3. Maganin saman

Hanyar da za ta iya rage yawan lalacewa na zoben piston shine yin jiyya a saman. Akwai hanyoyin jiyya da yawa a halin yanzu ana amfani da su. Dangane da ayyukansu, ana iya taƙaita su zuwa rukuni uku kamar haka:
Inganta taurin saman don rage lalacewa. Wato, an samar da wani nau'in ƙarfe mai wuyar gaske akan aikin zoben, don haka mai laushi mai laushi mai laushi ba shi da sauƙi a sanya shi a cikin farfajiyar, kuma an inganta juriya na zobe. Sako-da-rami chromium plating yanzu shi ne mafi yadu amfani. Ba wai kawai Layer chrome-plated yana da babban taurin (HV800 ~ 1000), ƙarancin juzu'i kaɗan ne, kuma madaidaicin ramin chrome Layer yana da kyakkyawan tsarin ajiyar mai, don haka yana iya haɓaka juriya na zoben piston sosai. . Bugu da ƙari, plating na chromium yana da ƙananan farashi, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau, da kyakkyawan aiki a mafi yawan lokuta. Don haka zoben farko na injunan motoci na zamani duk suna amfani da zoben chrome-plated, kuma kusan 100% na zoben mai suna amfani da zoben chrome-plated. Al'ada ta tabbatar da cewa bayan zoben piston ya zama chrome-plated, ba kawai nasa ba ne ƙanana ba, amma sawar sauran zoben piston da lilin silinda waɗanda ba chrome-plated ba ma ƙananan ne.
Don injuna masu sauri ko haɓakawa, zoben piston bai kamata a sanya chromium-plated a saman waje kawai ba, har ma a saman saman da ƙananan ƙarshen don rage lalacewa ta ƙarshe. Zai fi dacewa ga duk saman chrome-plated na waje na duk ƙungiyoyin zobe don rage lalacewa na gabaɗayan ƙungiyar zoben piston.
Haɓaka ƙarfin ajiyar man fetur da ikon hana narkewar farfajiyar aiki na zoben piston don hana narkewa da lalacewa. Fim ɗin mai mai lubricating akan farfajiyar aiki na zoben piston yana lalacewa a yanayin zafi mai zafi kuma wani lokacin bushewar gogayya yana haifar da. Idan an yi amfani da rufin rufin da aka yi da man ajiya da kuma anti-fusion a saman zoben piston, zai iya rage lalacewa da kuma inganta aikin zobe. Ja da karfin Silinda. Molybdenum fesa a kan zoben piston yana da matuƙar juriya ga lalacewa. A daya hannun, saboda fesa molybdenum Layer ne mai porous ajiya tsarin shafi; A daya bangaren kuma, wurin narkewar molybdenum yana da inganci (2630°C), kuma har yanzu yana iya aiki yadda ya kamata a karkashin bushewar gogayya. A wannan yanayin, zoben fesa molybdenum yana da mafi girman juriya ga walda fiye da zoben da aka yi da chrome. Koyaya, juriyar lalacewa na zoben feshin molybdenum ya fi muni fiye da na zoben-plated chrome. Bugu da ƙari, farashin zoben feshin molybdenum ya fi girma kuma ƙarfin tsarin yana da wuya a daidaita. Saboda haka, sai dai idan feshin molybdenum ya zama dole, yana da kyau a yi amfani da plating na chrome.
Haɓaka aikin jiyya na farkon farawa. Irin wannan jiyya ta saman ita ce ta rufe saman zoben piston tare da wani nau'i mai laushi mai laushi da na roba mai laushi, don haka zoben da ɓangaren da ke fitowa na silinda liner ya tuntuɓi kuma ya hanzarta lalacewa, ta haka ne ya rage lokacin gudu. da kuma sanya zobe ya shiga yanayin aiki barga. . A halin yanzu an fi amfani da maganin phosphating. Fim ɗin phosphating tare da laushi mai laushi da sauƙin sawa an kafa shi a saman zoben piston. Saboda maganin phosphating yana buƙatar kayan aiki mai sauƙi, aiki mai dacewa, ƙananan farashi, da inganci mai girma, ana amfani dashi a cikin tsarin zobe na piston na ƙananan injuna. Bugu da kari, tin plating da oxidation magani kuma iya inganta na farko gudu-in.
A saman jiyya na zoben piston, chromium plating da molybdenum spraying sune hanyoyin da aka fi amfani da su. Bugu da kari, dangane da nau'in injin, tsari, amfani da yanayin aiki, ana kuma amfani da wasu hanyoyin jiyya na saman, kamar jiyya mai laushi mai nitriding, jiyya na vulcanization, da cikewar ferroferric oxide.