Ayyukan crankshaft shine don canza matsa lamba na gas daga rukunin sanda mai haɗa piston zuwa juzu'i don fitarwa na waje, da kuma fitar da jirgin bawul da sauran na'urori masu taimako. Yawancin su an yi su da matsakaicin matsakaicin carbon karfe, matsakaicin gami carbon karfe ko spheroidal graphite jefa baƙin ƙarfe. Tsarin crankshaft ya haɗa da shaft na gaba, babban jarida, haɗin haɗin sanda, crank, counterweight, shaft na baya, da dai sauransu, kuma akwai hanyoyin mai da ke gudana ta cikin babban jarida, crank da haɗin sanda don sa mai babban jarida da sandar haɗi. . Jarida. Domin za a yi amfani da karfi iri-iri da ake amfani da shi, za a sami adadin yawan lalacewa, kuma sassa daban-daban suna da halaye daban-daban.

Sanya halayen babban jarida da babban daji mai ɗaukar nauyi

Sawa na babban jarida tare da jagorancin axial ya kamata ya zama uniform, kuma yawan lalacewa a cikin jagorancin radial ba daidai ba ne, kuma za a sami ɗan ƙarami. Tun da yawancin mujallolin tsaka-tsakin yana fuskantar babban ƙarfi, yawan lalacewa yakan fi na ƙarshen biyu. Rigar radial na babban daji mai ɗaukar nauyi yayi daidai da na babban jarida. Mafi girman ɓangaren lalacewa yana kan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan, kuma suturar daji mai tsaka-tsakin ya fi girma fiye da na ƙarshen biyu.

Saka halaye na haɗa jaridar sanda da haɗin daji sanda

Ragewar radial na mujallolin sanda mai haɗawa da bearings ba daidai ba ne, kuma lalacewa a gefen ciki yana da girma. Rashin daidaituwar lalacewa yana haifar da jarida mai haɗawa don samar da wani ellipse a cikin radial shugabanci, kuma axial shugabanci gaba ɗaya uniform. Sanda mai haɗawa tare da babban tsari mai girman asymmetric zai zama taper bayan lalacewa saboda rarraba kaya mara daidaituwa akan jaridar sanda mai haɗawa; sandar haɗawa tare da tsari mai girma-tsari mai ma'ana zai haifar da sakamako iri ɗaya idan an lanƙwasa.

Mafi yawan sawa a cikin jarida mai haɗawa yana gabaɗaya a gefen ciki na kowace mujalla, wato, a gefen tsakiyar layin crankshaft, ta yadda jaridar ta fita zagaye; kuma sashin da ke sawa a cikin mazugi yana gabaɗaya a gefen hanyar mai mai mai inda ake haɗa ƙazanta. A gefe da kuma wurin da karfi ya kasance babba.Za a iya auna lalacewa na crankshaft tare da micrometer. Sanyewar ɗan gajeren jarida na crankshaft ya fi dacewa don bincika kurakuran zagaye, kuma don dogon mujallolin, dole ne a bincika kurakuran zagaye da cylindricity. Ƙayyadadden hanyar auna ita ce: ɗauki sassa biyu don kowace jarida, kuma ɗaukar maki biyu ga kowane sashe. Rabin bambanci tsakanin matsakaicin matsakaici da ƙananan diamita na sashe ɗaya shine kuskuren zagaye; rabi na bambanci tsakanin matsakaicin matsakaici da ƙananan diamita a cikin sassan biyu shine kuskuren cylindricity. A ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, lalacewa na crankshaft yana da ƙanƙanta sosai, gabaɗaya baya wuce 0.01mm, kuma cylindricity ɗin ma ƙasa da 0.0025mm.

Hanyoyin lalacewa na yau da kullun sun haɗa da lalacewa na jarida, fashe, konewa, lanƙwasa ko karaya, da sauransu. Alal misali, adadin crankshaft lalacewa ya yi girma sosai, kuma daji mai ɗaukar hoto har ma yana zubar da launi na baya. Gabaɗaya wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin lubrition, ƙarancin mai, da mai baya biyan buƙatun amfani. Silinda na crankshaft yana da girma da yawa, yana nuna cewa injin yana aiki a ƙarƙashin nauyi mai nauyi na dogon lokaci. ; Ƙunƙarar ƙwarƙwara ta ƙone, blues, makullin, dole ne a haifar da mummunan lubrication, yawanci shine rashin man fetur.