Ukuze kugcinwe igebe elilinganayo nelifanelekile phakathi kwepiston nodonga lwesilinda ekushiseni okujwayelekile kokusebenza nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwepiston, umklamo wesakhiwo sepiston ngokuvamile unezici ezilandelayo.1. Yenza i-oval shape kusengaphambili. Ukuze wenze izinhlangothi zombili zesiketi zithwale ingcindezi yegesi futhi zigcine igebe elincane futhi eliphephile nge-cylinder, i-piston iyadingeka ukuthi ibe yi-cylindrical lapho isebenza. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ubukhulu besiketi se-piston abulingani kakhulu, insimbi yembobo yesihlalo sephinikhodi iwugqinsi, futhi nenani lokunwetshwa kwe-thermal likhulu, kanye nenani lokuguqulwa eduze kwe-eksisi yesihlalo sephinikhodi likhulu kune-in. ezinye izikhombisi-ndlela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiketi singaphansi kwesenzo sokucindezela ohlangothini lwegesi, okubangela ukuthi i-axial deformation yephinikhodi ye-piston ibe mkhulu kunokuqondisa kwephinikhodi ye-vertical piston. Ngale ndlela, uma isiketi se-piston siyisiyingi lapho kubanda, iphiston lizoba iellipse uma lisebenza, okwenza igebe elizungezayo phakathi kwepiston nesilinda lingalingani, okubangela ukuthi i-piston igxumele kusilinda kanye nesilinda. injini ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, isiketi se-piston sakhiwe sibe yisimo se-oval kusengaphambili ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Ukuqondiswa kwe-eksisi ende kwe-ellipse ku-perpendicular esihlalweni sikaphini, futhi isiqondiso se-eksisi esifushane sihambisana nesihlalo sephini, ukuze i-piston isondele kumbuthano ophelele lapho isebenza.

2.Yenziwe ibe yisimo esinyathelwe noma esine-tapered kusengaphambili. Izinga lokushisa piston eduze isiqondiso ukuphakama alilingani kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa le-piston liphakeme engxenyeni engenhla futhi liphansi engxenyeni engezansi, futhi inani lokunweba likhudlwana ngokulinganayo engxenyeni engenhla futhi lincane engxenyeni engezansi. Ukuze wenze ama-diameter angaphezulu naphansi we-piston athambekele ekulinganeni ngesikhathi sokusebenza, okungukuthi, i-cylindrical, i-piston kufanele yenziwe kusengaphambili ibe yisimo esinyathelwe noma isigaxa esinengaphezulu elincane nelikhulu eliphansi.

3.Slotted piston skirt. Ukuze unciphise ukushisa kwesiketi se-piston, i-groove evundlile yokushisa ukushisa ngokuvamile ivuliwe esiketini. Ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukuguqulwa kwesiketi ngemuva kokushisa, isiketi sivulwa nge-groove yokwandisa ubude be-longitudinal. Ukuma kwe-groove kunomsele omise okwe-T.

I-groove evundlile ivamise ukuvulwa ngaphansi komsele wendandatho olandelayo, ezinhlangothini zombili zesihlalo sikaphini emaphethelweni angaphezulu wesiketi (futhi ku-oil ring groove) ukunciphisa ukudluliswa kokushisa kusuka ekhanda kuya kusiketi, ngakho kubizwa ngokuthi. i-heat insulation groove. I-groove eqondile izokwenza isiketi sibe nezinga elithile lokunwebeka, ukuze igebe phakathi kwepiston nesilinda libe lincane ngangokunokwenzeka lapho i-piston ihlanganiswa, futhi inomphumela wokunxeshezelwa lapho kushisa, ukuze i-piston ngeke ibambeke kusilinda, ngakho-ke i-groove eqondile ibizwa ngokuthi Okwethangi lokunweba. Ngemuva kokuthi isiketi sibekwe ziqonde, ukuqina kohlangothi olufakiwe kuzoba kuncane. Ngesikhathi somhlangano, kufanele kube khona ohlangothini lapho ukucindezela ohlangothini kuncishiswa ngesikhathi sokushaywa komsebenzi. I-piston yenjini kadizili inamandla amakhulu. Ingxenye yesiketi ayigobile.

4. Ukuze kuncishiswe ikhwalithi yamanye ama-piston, imbobo yenziwa esiketini noma ingxenye yesiketi inqunywe nhlangothi zombili zesiketi ukuze kuncishiswe amandla e-J inertia futhi kuncishiswe ukuwohloka kokushisa eduze kwesihlalo sephini ukuze yakha ipiston yenqola noma ipiston emfushane. Isiketi sesakhiwo senqola sinokunwebeka okuhle, isisindo esincane, nokuvunyelwa okuncane okuhambisanayo phakathi kwepiston nesilinda, okufanelekela izinjini ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu.

5. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukunwebeka okushisayo kwesiketi se-aluminium alloy piston, amanye amaphistoni enjini kaphethiloli ashumekwe nensimbi ye-Hengfan esiketini se-piston noma esihlalweni sephini. Isici sesakhiwo se-Hengfan steel piston ukuthi insimbi ye-Hengfan iqukethe i-nickel engu-33%. Ingxubevange ye-iron-nickel engu-36% enekhabhoni ephansi ine-coefficient enwetshiwe engu-1/10 kuphela yaleyo ye-aluminium alloy, futhi isihlalo sophini sixhunywe esiketini ngeshidi lensimbi le-Hengfan, elivimbela ukuwohloka kokwanda okushisayo isiketi.

6. Kwezinye izinjini zikaphethiloli, umugqa omaphakathi wembobo yephinikhodi ye-piston uchezuka endizeni ye-piston centerline, ehlanjululwa ngo-1 kuya ku-2 mm ohlangothini lwe-stroke yomsebenzi othola ingcindezi ohlangothini oluyinhloko. Lesi sakhiwo senza i-piston ikwazi ukushintsha ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi lwesilinda ukuya kolunye uhlangothi lwesilinda ukusuka ekucindezelekeni kuya ekushayeni kwamandla, ukuze kuncishiswe umsindo ongqongqozayo. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, isiqondiso esichemile sephinikhodi ye-piston asikwazi ukuhlehliswa, ngaphandle kwalokho amandla okugoqa ahlehlisayo azokwanda futhi isiketi sizolimala.