I-piston ring ingenye yezingxenye ezinembayo zenjini kadizili, futhi izimo zayo zokusebenza zimbi. Uma injini ye-diesel isetshenziswa futhi inakekelwa ngendlela engafanele, futhi indlela yokuhlanganisa iringi ye-piston ayilungile, ukuguga okungavamile kweringi ye-piston kuyoba umphumela. Nasi isingeniso esifushane sezimpawu nezizathu zokugqokwa okungavamile kweringi yepiston:

1. Ukulimala kokukhathala

1) Izici. Izindawo zokusebenza ezingaphezulu neziphansi zeringi yepiston ziklwejwa kanzima futhi zigqokwa kakhulu, futhi umbala weringi yepiston ufiphele; indawo yokuxhumana yeringi yepiston yokuqala kanye nesilinda kugqokwe kakhulu, futhi indawo engaphandle yokusebenza yeringi ye-piston yamasilinda amaningi inemihuzuko emincane eduze kwe-cylinder axis. ; Kunenqwaba ye-sludge nefilimu yopende ngemuva kwendandatho yegesi futhi eduze kwembobo yokubuyisela uwoyela ye-oil ring groove.

2) Izizathu. Imbangela eqondile yokulimala kokukhathala kweringi ye-piston imodi yokusebenza kanye nokugcinwa okungafanele kwenjini ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Izici eziyinhloko ezithonya yilezi: injini ye-diesel isebenza ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nomthwalo osindayo isikhathi eside phakathi nesikhathi sokusebenza, noma ivele icime lapho imoto ishisa; i-hose exhuma isihlungi somoya kumbhobho wokungenisa i-short-circuited, okwenza uthuli lungene ku-cylinder; Uhlobo lwamafutha okugcoba olujovwe aluhlangabezani nezidingo ezishiwo, futhi ukungcola kubi kakhulu; ikhwalithi yomjovo wamafutha we-injector impofu noma izinga likaphethiloli elikhethiwe liphansi, injini ye-diesel isebenza ekushiseni okuphansi isikhathi eside; i-engeli yokunikezwa kukaphethiloli kusengaphambili ayilungile, njll.

2. Ukuphuka

1) Izici. Indandatho yokuqala ye-piston iphukile futhi i-piston ring groove yonakalisiwe; kukhona izimpawu zokudonsa zikathayela endaweni yokusebenza yangaphandle yeringi ye-piston kanye nengxenye engenhla yesilinda; isiketi se-piston kanye nengxenye engenhla yesilinda iyancibilika futhi igugile; ukuphuka kuvame ukuvela ezinhlangothini zombili zokuvula. Indawo yasephoyinti.

2) Izizathu. Imbangela eqondile yokuphuka kweringi ye-piston ukusetshenziswa okungalungile noma ukulungiswa kwenjini. Izici eziyinhloko ezithonya yilezi: injini ye-diesel isebenza ngaphansi kokushisa okweqile isikhathi eside, okwenza indandatho ye-piston ijame; i-viscosity yamafutha okugcoba asetshenzisiwe inkulu kakhulu; ukukhethwa kwendandatho ye-piston akulungile noma indlela yokufaka ayilungile, okubangela ukugxila kokucindezeleka kwendandatho ye-piston; ipiston nesilinda Ukuvunyelwa okufanayo kwenjini kadizili kuncane kakhulu; injini kadizili isinesikhathi eside isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zokonakala.

3. Indandatho enamathelayo

1) Izici. Kunenqwaba ye-sludge, i-carbon deposits kanye ne-colloidal deposit e-piston ring kanye ne-piston ring groove; indawo engaphandle yokusebenza yeringi yepiston iveza ukucwebezela okupholishiwe, futhi kunemihuzuko ejulile ye-longitudinal; ukunwebeka kweringi ye-piston kubuthakathaka.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esiqondile sendandatho enamathelayo ukuthi indandatho yepiston iboshwe udaka namadiphozi ekhabhoni, futhi indandatho yepiston nesilinda kukhubazekile. Izici eziyinhloko ezinomthelela yilezi: ukuwohloka okukhulu kokushisa kweringi ye-piston nesilinda, i-backlash encane kakhulu kanye nokuhlehla kweringi ye-piston, okwenza indandatho ibambelele emseleni futhi ingakwazi ukunyakaza; injini ye-diesel ishisa ngokweqile noma igcwele isikhathi eside, okwenza amafutha okugcoba akhiqize i-colloid ephezulu yokushisa; Izinga eliphansi lamafutha okugcoba; izinga eliphansi lomjovo kaphethiloli lomjovo kaphethiloli; ukungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi yokungenisa umoya ye-crankcase, okubangela ukucindezela okubi ngokweqile noma ukucinana komoya kwesilinda, okubangela ukuba amafutha akhuphuke; ukukhethwa okungenangqondo kwama-cylinder liners noma izindlela ezingafanele zokufaka ukucindezela Ukuguqulwa nokunye.

4. Ukugqokwa kwengxenye

1) Izici. Ubuso bokugcina obungaphezulu nobuphansi bendandatho ye-piston kanye ne-groove yendandatho inokugqoka okuncane, okuhlangene noma okungalingani endaweni eyindilinga; kukhona imihuzuko ye-longitudinal endaweni yokusebenza yangaphandle yeringi ye-piston ngenxa yokugqoka okunamathelayo; kukhona ukufutheka kwiringi ye-piston nangaphezulu kwe-piston trace.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esiqondile sokugqoka okuchemile kweringi ye-piston kungenxa yokuma okungalungile kwepiston kusilinda. Izinto eziba nomthelela omkhulu yilezi: ukusebenza okunganele kwenjini entsha noma injini yedizili ngemva kokulungiswa kabusha; ukuguqulwa okushisayo kwe-cylinder liner kanye nesimo esingalungile ngemva kokuba isilinda sifakwe ku-cylinder block; ukugoba noma ukusonteka kwenduku yokuxhuma; ukususwa kwe-axial ye-crankshaft ngokweqile, njll.


5. Imihuzuko endaweni yokusebenza

1) Izici. Kukhona ama-longitudinal grooves ohlangothini olulodwa lwendandatho ye-piston noma endaweni yokusebenza eyindilinga; ukuxebuka kwensimbi noma imihuzuko yendawo enkulu endaweni yokuxhumana; imihuzuko ebusweni kanye namasongo okunamathela ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esiqondile sokuklwebheka kweringi ye-piston kungenxa yokubhujiswa kwefilimu yamafutha okugcoba phakathi kweringi ye-piston nesilinda. Izici eziyinhloko ezithonya yilezi: imvume ehambisanayo phakathi kwepiston nesilinda incane kakhulu; indlela yokuhlanganisa indandatho ye-piston ayilungile noma umlomo wendandatho ucindezelwe noma welulwe ngokuthanda ngesikhathi somhlangano ukuze ubangele ukuguqulwa; indlela yokuhlanganisa i-cylinder liner noma ukuqinisa ikhanda le-cylinder ayilungile, okwenza ukuba i-cylinder liner iguqule; Ukusebenza isikhathi eside kwenjini ye-diesel ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu kubangela ukuba ifilimu yamafutha okugcoba iphule; uwoyela wokugcoba onganele noma ukungcola okukhulu, njll.