Umehluko wenjini engu-V8 ku-crankshaft

2020-12-18

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zezinjini ze-V8 kuya nge-crankshaft.

Indiza eqondile iyisakhiwo esijwayelekile se-V8 ezimotweni zomgwaqo zaseMelika. I-engeli ephakathi kwe-crank ngayinye eqenjini (iqembu labangu-4) kanye neyangaphambili ingu-90°, ngakho iyisakhiwo esime mpo lapho sibhekwa kusukela ekugcineni kwe-crankshaft. Le ndawo eqondile ingafinyelela ibhalansi enhle, kodwa idinga insimbi enesisindo esinzima. Ngenxa ye-inertia enkulu yokujikeleza, injini ye-V8 enalesi sakhiwo esime mpo inesivinini esiphansi, futhi ayikwazi ukusheshisa noma ukwehla ngokushesha uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinjini. Ukulandelana kokushisa kwenjini engu-V8 enalesi sakhiwo kusuka ekuqaleni kuya ekugcineni, okudinga ukwakhiwa kwesistimu yokukhipha umoya eyengeziwe ukuze kuxhunywe amapayipi e-exhaust emikhawulweni yomibili. Lolu hlelo lwe-exhaust oluyinkimbinkimbi futhi olucishe lube nzima manje seluphenduke ikhanda elikhulu kubaklami bezimoto zomjaho ezihlala umuntu oyedwa.

Indiza isho ukuthi i-crank ingu-180°. Ibhalansi yabo ayiphelele kangako, ngaphandle uma kusetshenziswe i-balance shaft, ukudlidliza kukhulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi asikho isidingo se-iron counterweight, i-crankshaft inesisindo esincane kanye ne-inertia ephansi, futhi ingaba nesivinini esikhulu nokusheshisa. Lesi sakhiwo sijwayeleke kakhulu emotweni yesimanje yomjaho iCoventry Climax engu-1.5 litre. Le njini isishintshile isuka endizeni eqondile yaya ekubeni yisakhiwo esiyisicaba. Izimoto ezinesakhiwo se-V8 yi-Ferrari (injini ye-Dino), i-Lotus (injini ye-Esprit V8), ne-TVR (injini ye-Speed ​​Eight). Lesi sakhiwo sijwayeleke kakhulu ezinjinini zomjaho, kanti esaziwayo yiCosworth DFV. Idizayini yesakhiwo esime mpo iyinkimbinkimbi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, iningi lezinjini zokuqala ze-V8, okuhlanganisa i-De Dion-Bouton, i-Peerless ne-Cadillac, zaklanywa ngesakhiwo esiyisicaba. Ngo-1915, umqondo wokuklama oqondile wavela engqungqutheleni yobunjiniyela bezimoto yaseMelika, kodwa kwathatha iminyaka engu-8 ukuba nomhlangano.