Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezinjini zezimoto: izinjini zensimbi kanye nezinjini ze-aluminium zonke. Ngakho iyiphi yalezi zinjini ezimbili ezibonakalayo engcono kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa? Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinjini ezimbili? Eqinisweni, cishe zonke izinto zekhanda ze-cylinder zenjini zenziwe nge-aluminium, ngoba amakhanda e-aluminium cylinder anokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kokukhipha ukushisa. Inhloko yesilinda yenjini yensimbi eyi-cast empeleni iyingxubevange ye-aluminium, kodwa i-cylinder block iyinsimbi ekhonjiwe.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nenjini ye-aluminiyamu yonke, isilinda block yenjini ye-cast-iron inomthamo oqinile wokulayisha okushisayo, okusiza kakhulu ekwandiseni amandla enjini. Isibonelo, ngaphansi komphumela we-turbocharging, injini ye-cast-iron esuswayo engu-1.5L ingafinyelela isidingo samandla okususwa angu-2.0L; kuyilapho injini ye-aluminium yonke ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nemfuneko enjalo. Njengamanje, izimoto ezimbalwa kuphela ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezisebenzisa injini ye-aluminium yonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zonke izinjini ze-aluminium zijwayele ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngamanzi ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ukumelana kwazo nokugqwala kuncane kakhulu kunokwamasilinda ensimbi, futhi amandla amasilinda e-aluminium aphansi kakhulu kunalawo amasilinda ensimbi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuyisisekelo zonke izinjini ezine-turbocharged zingamabhulokhi ensimbi. Kuhle ukusho ukuthi i-cast iron cylinder block nayo inamandla okuguqula injini ye-aluminium engenawo.
Ngokuphambene, inzuzo enkulu yazo zonke izinjini ze-aluminium ukuthi ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisindo sezinjini ze-aluminiyamu cishe singama-20kg esilula kunaleso sezinjini zensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wokushisa wokushisa wenjini yonke ye-aluminium ungcono kakhulu kunenjini ye-cast-iron, engathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenjini futhi isize ukunweba impilo yesevisi yenjini.
Njengamanje, cishe wonke ama-pistons enjini enziwe nge-aluminium alloy. Uma i-cylinder wall material nayo yonke i-aluminium, i-coefficient of friction phakathi kwe-aluminium ne-aluminium inkulu kakhulu, okuzophazamisa ukusebenza kwenjini. Yingakho ama-cast iron liners ehlala egxilile emzimbeni we-cylinder yazo zonke izinjini ze-aluminium.
Eqinisweni, ngokufingqiwe, injini ye-aluminiyamu yonke inezici zokucubungula kalula, isisindo esilula, nokukhipha ukushisa okuhle. Izinzuzo zezinjini ze-cast iron zibonakala ekuphikisweni kwengcindezi ephezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokuguquguquka kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
