Izizathu eziyinhloko ze-piston bias yilezi ezilandelayo:

(1) Lapho isilinda isithukuthezi sibhoreka, ukuma akulungile, okubangela ukuthi iphutha elingelona i-perpendicularity lomugqa omaphakathi we-cylinder kanye nolayini wesikhungo sejenali eyinhloko ye-crankshaft ukweqe umkhawulo.

(2) Ukungahambelani kwemigqa emaphakathi yezimbobo ezinkulu nezincane ezinekhanda elibangelwa ukugoba kwenduku yokuxhuma; ukungafani kwemigqa emibili emaphakathi yejenali yenduku yokuxhuma kanye nejenali eyinhloko yeqa umkhawulo.

(3) Ibhulokhi yesilinda noma i-cylinder liner ikhubazekile, okubangela iphutha eliqondile lomugqa omaphakathi we-cylinder kuya kulayini ophakathi nendawo ophethe i-crankshaft ukuba leqe umkhawulo.

(4) I-crankshaft ikhiqiza ukugoba nokuguqulwa kwe-torsion, futhi ukunakekelwa akwenziwa ngokuvumelana nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe, ukuze umugqa omaphakathi wejenali yenduku yokuxhuma kanye nendawo emaphakathi yejenali eyinhloko ingabi endizeni efanayo; ukucutshungulwa komkhono wethusi wenduku yokuxhuma akuhlangabezani nezidingo zobuchwepheshe, futhi ukuchezuka akukalungiswa.

(5) Imbobo yephinikhodi ye-piston ayihlelwanga kabusha ngendlela efanele; umugqa omaphakathi wephinikhodi ye-piston awuhambisani nomugqa omaphakathi wepiston, njll.