Uluhlu kwi-diameter ratio

Lo ngumba obaluleke kakhulu kwinqanaba loyilo lwe-injini, elingumlinganiselo we-piston stroke ukuya kububanzi bepiston, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-stroke-diameter ratio.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ii-injini ezinesantya esiphezulu zisebenzisa iipiston ezinkulu ezine-stroke ezimfutshane, kwaye ii-injini ezinesantya esiphantsi zisebenzisa ii-pistons ezincinci ezine-stroke ezinkulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ukhetho lomlinganiselo woluhlu lwe-diameter kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo injongo yoyilo lwe-injini kunye nenjongo yokuphucula ukusebenza.

Impembelelo yepiston stroke ekusebenzeni kwenjini

Ngesantya se-injini esingaguqukiyo kunye nokunyuka kwe-stroke, isantya esiphakathi sepiston siya kunyuka ngokulinganayo.
Umyinge wesantya sepiston yiparameter ebalulekileyo ebonisa iqondo lokuqiniswa kweenjini.
Iingxaki ezibangelwa kukwanda kwesantya somndilili wepiston zezi:
1. Ukulahleka kwe-friction kuyanda, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini kuyancipha; umthwalo we-thermal wendibano yepiston uyanda, kwaye ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomthamo omkhulu weoyile iyafuneka;
2. Amandla e-inertial ayanda, kwaye i-vibration yomatshini kunye nengxolo yanda;
3. Njengoko i-air inlet kunye ne-exhaust flow rate inyuka, ukuchasana kwe-air inlet kuba kukhulu, okuya kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Impembelelo yedayamitha yepiston ekusebenzeni kwenjini

I-diameter enkulu yepiston iya kwandisa umthwalo oshushu weesilinda ze-injini, iipiston, iintloko ze-cylinder, iivalve kunye nezinye iindawo.
Iinjini zepetroli zilinganiselwe ngokunkqonkqoza, kwaye idiameter ye-cylinder ayidluli kwi-100mm. Akukho mda usezantsi kwidayamitha yesilinda ye-injini yepetroli.
Idayamitha ye-cylinder yeenjini zedizili yemoto iphakathi kwe-80 kunye ne-160 mm.

Ukhetho lwendlela ukuya kumlinganiselo wedayamitha

Uluhlu ukuya kububanzi beenjini zepetroli ezinesantya esiphezulu ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-0.7 kunye ne-1.0.
Umyinge woluhlu ukuya kububanzi beenjini zedizili ziphakathi kwe-1.05 kunye ne-1.2. Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo we-injini ye-diesel uphezulu kwaye i-piston stroke inde.