Iringi ye-piston yenye yeendawo ezichanekileyo ze-injini ye-diesel, kwaye iimeko zayo zokusebenza zimbi. Ukuba i-injini ye-diesel isetyenziswe kwaye igcinwe ngokungafanelekanga, kwaye indlela yokudibanisa i-piston ring ayilunganga, ukunxiba okungaqhelekanga kweringi yepiston kuya kubangela. Nantsi intshayelelo emfutshane yeempawu kunye nezizathu zokunxitywa okungaqhelekanga kweringi yepiston:

1. Umonakalo wokudinwa

1) Iimpawu. Imiphezulu ephezulu kunye nesezantsi yokusebenza yeringi yepiston ikrwelwe kakhulu kwaye inxibe nzulu, kwaye umbala weringi yepiston umnyama; indawo yokudibanisa yeringi yokuqala yepiston kunye ne-cylinder igugile kakhulu, kwaye indawo yokusebenza yangaphandle yeringi yepiston yeesilinda ezininzi zinemikrwelo emincinci ecaleni kwe-cylinder axis. ; Kukho i-sludge eninzi kunye nefilimu yepeyinti ngasemva kweringi yerhasi kwaye ujikeleze umngxuma wokubuyiswa kwe-oyile we-oil ring groove.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esithe ngqo somonakalo wokukhathala kwindandatho yepiston yindlela yokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa okungafanelekanga kwe-injini ngexesha lokugijima. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazelayo zezi: injini ye-diesel isebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nomthwalo onzima ixesha elide ngexesha lokusebenza, okanye ngokukhawuleza icime xa imoto ishushu; i-hose edibanisa i-air filter kumbhobho wokungenisa i-short-circuited, ibangela ukuba uthuli lungene kwi-cylinder; Uhlobo lweoli yokuthambisa injected ayihambelani neemfuno ezichaziweyo, kwaye ungcoliseko lunzulu; umgangatho we-fuel injection ye-injector ihlwempuzekileyo okanye umgangatho wepetroli ekhethiweyo umpofu, injini ye-diesel isebenza kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi ixesha elide; i-engile yonikezelo lwamafutha kwangaphambili ayichanekanga, njl.

2. Ukuqhekeka

1) Iimpawu. Iringi yokuqala yepiston yaphukile kwaye i-piston ring groove yonakalisiwe; kukho amanqaku okutsalwa ngamalahle kwindawo yokusebenza yangaphandle yeringi yepiston kunye nendawo ephezulu yesilinda; i-piston skirt kunye nenxalenye ephezulu ye-cylinder iyancibilika kwaye igugile; iifractures zihlala zisenzeka kumacala omabini okuvula. Indawo yendawo.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esithe ngqo sokuqhekeka kweringi yepiston kukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga okanye ukugcinwa kwe-injini. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazelayo zezi: injini ye-diesel isebenza phantsi kokushisa ixesha elide, ibangela ukuba i-piston ring ukuba i-jam; i-viscosity yeoli yokuthambisa esetyenzisiweyo inkulu kakhulu; ukhetho lwendandatho yepiston alunangqiqo okanye indlela yokufakela ayilunganga, nto leyo ebangela ukuxinzezeleka koxinzelelo lwendandatho yepiston; ipiston kunye necylinder Ukukhutshwa okuhambelanayo kwe-injini ye-diesel kuncinci kakhulu; I-injini ye-diesel isebenze phantsi kweemeko ze-deflagration ixesha elide.

3. Umsesane oncangathi

1) Iimpawu. Kukho i-sludge eninzi, iidiphozithi zekhabhoni kunye ne-colloidal deposits kwi-piston ring kunye ne-piston ring groove; indawo engaphandle yokusebenza yeringi yepiston ibonisa ukukhazimla okukhazimlayo, kwaye kukho imikrwelo enzulu yobude; ukunwebeka kweringi yepiston kubuthathaka.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esithe ngqo sendandatho yokubambelela kukuba i-piston ring iboshwe yi-sludge kunye ne-carbon deposits, kwaye i-piston ring kunye ne-cylinder ikhubazekile. Izinto eziphambili eziphembelelayo zezi: i-thermal deformation enzima yeringi yepiston kunye ne-cylinder, i-backlash encinci kakhulu kunye ne-backlash yeringi ye-piston, okwenza i-ring ibambelele kwi-groove ye-ring kwaye ayikwazi ukuhamba; i-injini ye-diesel ishushu kakhulu okanye ixesha elide, elibangela ukuba ioli yokuthambisa ivelise i-colloid ephezulu yokushisa; Umgangatho ophantsi weoli yokuthambisa; Umgangatho ophantsi wenaliti yamafutha yesitofu samafutha; umsebenzi ongalunganga wesixhobo sokuphefumla secrankcase, esibangela uxinzelelo olubi olugqithisileyo okanye ukuqina kwe-cylinder emoyeni, kubangela ukuba ioyile ibaleke; ukhetho olungenangqiqo lwe-cylinder liners okanye iindlela zokucinezela ezingafanelekanga Ukuguqulwa kunye nokunye.

4. Ukunxiba okungaphelelanga

1) Iimpawu. Ubuso besiphelo esiphezulu kunye nesisezantsi somsesane wepiston kunye ne-groove ye-ring groove inxibe encinci, i-unilateral okanye i-unilateral igugile kwindawo ejikelezayo; kukho imikrwelo emide kumphezulu wokusebenza wangaphandle weringi yepiston ngenxa yokunxiba okuncamathelayo; kukho ukuvuthela kwiringi yepiston kunye nomphezulu wepiston trace.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esithe ngqo sokunxitywa kwe-biased ye-piston ring kubangelwa indawo engafanelekanga yepiston kwi-cylinder. Imiba ephambili enempembelelo zezi: ukusebenza okungonelanga kwenjini entsha okanye i-injini yedizili emva kokulungiswa ngokutsha; i-thermal deformation ye-cylinder liner kunye nesikhundla esingalunganga emva kokuba i-cylinder ifakwe kwibhloko ye-cylinder; ukugoba okanye ukujija intonga yokudibanisa; ukukhutshwa kwe-axial ye-crankshaft ngokugqithiseleyo, njl.


5. Imikrwelo kwindawo yokusebenza

1) Iimpawu. Kukho iigrooves zobude kwicala elinye lomsesane wepiston okanye kumphezulu wokusebenza ojikelezayo; i-metal peeling okanye i-scratches enkulu kwindawo yokudibanisa; imikrwelo yomphezulu osebenzayo kunye namakhonkco okuncamathela ahlala esenzeka ngaxeshanye.

2) Izizathu. Isizathu esithe ngqo se-piston ring scratches kungenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwefilimu yeoli yokuthambisa phakathi kweringi yepiston kunye ne-cylinder. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazelayo zezi: imvume ehambelanayo phakathi kwepiston kunye ne-cylinder incinci kakhulu; indlela yokudibanisa i-piston ring ayifanelekanga okanye umlomo wendandatho ucinezelwe okanye unwenwe ngokuthanda ngexesha lendibano ukuze kubangele ukuguqulwa; indlela yokudibanisa i-cylinder liner okanye ukuqinisa intloko ye-cylinder ayilunganga, ibangela ukuba i-cylinder liner iguqule; Ukusebenza kwexesha elide le-injini ye-diesel phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu zokushisa kubangela ukuba ifilimu yeoli yokuthambisa iphule; ukungonelanga kweoyile yokuthambisa okanye ungcoliseko olukhulu, njl.