Ingxolo engaqhelekanga ekwisilinda ye-injini inokushwankathelwa njengesandi sokunkqonkqoza kwepiston, ukunkqonkqoza kwepiston, umphezulu wepiston ubetha intloko yesilinda, ukubetha komphezulu wepiston, ukunkqonkqoza komsesane wepiston, ukunkqonkqoza kwevalve, kunye nokunkqonkqoza kwesilinda.

Isandi esingaqhelekanga senxalenye yeringi yepiston ikakhulu sibandakanya isandi sentsimbi yentsimbi yeringi yepiston, isandi sokuvuza komoya seringi yepiston kunye nesandi esingaqhelekanga esibangelwa yidiphozithi yekhabhoni egqithisileyo.

(1) Isandi sokunkqonkqoza kwentsimbi kwiringi yepiston. Emva kokuba injini sele isebenze ixesha elide, udonga lwe-cylinder lugugile, kodwa indawo apho indawo ephezulu yodonga lwe-cylinder ayidibanisi nentsimbi yepiston iphantse igcine ubume bejometri kunye nobukhulu, nto leyo eyenza inyathelo. kudonga lwesilinda. Ukuba i-gasket yentloko ye-cylinder endala isetyenzisiwe okanye i-gasket entsha yokutshintshwa ibhityile kakhulu, iringi yepiston esebenzayo iya kungqubana nezinyuko zodonga lwesilinda, yenze isandi esithambileyo sokuphahlazeka kwentsimbi. Ukuba isantya senjini siyenyuka, ingxolo engaqhelekanga iya kwanda ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, ukuba umsesane wepiston wophukile okanye umsantsa phakathi kweringi yepiston kunye negroove yeringi mkhulu kakhulu, oko kuya kubangela isandi esikhulu sokunkqonkqoza.

(2) Isandi sokuvuza komoya kwiringi yepiston. I-elastic force ye-piston ring iyancipha, i-gap yokuvula inkulu kakhulu okanye izivulo zidibene, kwaye udonga lwesilinda lunemibhobho, njl., Kuya kubangela ukuba i-piston ivuze. Indlela yokuxilongwa kukumisa i-injini xa ubushushu bamanzi e-injini bufikelela kuma-80℃ okanye ngaphezulu. Ngeli xesha, tofa i-oyile ye-injini entsha necocekileyo kwi-cylinder, kwaye emva koko uqalise kwakhona injini emva kokushukumisa i-crankshaft amaxesha ambalwa. Ukuba kuyenzeka, kunokugqitywa ukuba umsesane wepiston uyavuza.

(3) Isandi esingaqhelekanga sediphozithi yekhabhoni egqithisileyo. Xa kukho idiphozithi yekhabhoni eninzi, ingxolo engaqhelekanga evela kwi-cylinder sisandi esibukhali. Ngenxa yokuba idiphozithi yekhabhoni ibomvu, injini ineempawu zokuvutha kwangaphambi kwexesha, kwaye akulula ukuyimisa. Ukwenziwa kweediphozithi zekhabhoni kumsesane wepiston ikakhulu ngenxa yokungabikho kwetywina eliqinileyo phakathi kweringi yepiston kunye nodonga lwesilinda, isithuba sokuvula ngokugqithisileyo, umva wokufakwa komsesane wepiston, ukugqithelana kwamazibuko emisesane, njl. kubangela ukuba i-oyile yokuthambisa iye phezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegesi ukuya kumjelo ukuya ezantsi. Inxalenye yeringi iyatsha, ibangele iidiphozithi zekhabhoni kwaye incamathele kwiringi yepiston, nto leyo eyenza umsesane wepiston uphulukane ne-elasticity kunye nesiphumo sokutywinwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le mpazamo inokupheliswa emva kokutshintshwa kweringi yepiston kunye neenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.