Le nto ibangelwa kukutshiswa kwepetroli okungaphelelanga. Xa kukhutshwa umsi omnyama, ngokufuthi ukhatshwa kukuhla kwamandla enjini, ubushushu obugqithiseleyo bokuphuma kobushushu, nobushushu obugqithiseleyo bamanzi, nto leyo eya kukhokelela ekuwohlokeni nasekukrazukeni kwamalungu enjini kuze kunciphise ubomi benjini.

Izizathu zesi siganeko (zininzi izizathu ezikhokelela ekutshiseni okungaphelelanga) kunye neendlela zokuphelisa zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1) Uxinzelelo lwe-exhaust back luphezulu kakhulu okanye umbhobho wokukhupha uvaliwe. Le meko iya kubangela ukungonelanga kokungenisa umoya, okuya kuchaphazela umlinganiselo womxube we-air-fuel kwaye kubangele amafutha amaninzi. Le meko iyenzeka: Okokuqala, ukugoba kombhobho wokukhupha, ngokukodwa ukugoba kwe-90 °, kufuneka kuncitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka; okwesibini kukuba i-muffler ivalwe ngumle ogqithisileyo kwaye kufuneka isuswe.

2) Ukungena komoya okwaneleyo okanye ukuvinjelwa kwe-air intake duct. Ukuze ufumane isizathu, kufuneka kwenziwe oku kulandelayo: okokuqala, ingaba i-air filter ivaliwe; okwesibini, ingaba umbhobho wokungena uyavuza (ukuba le nto iyenzeka, injini iya kuba nesandi esinzima sokubetha umlozi ngenxa yokwanda komthwalo); Ingaba i-turbocharger yonakele, khangela ukuba ivili lokukhupha kunye ne-turbocharger blades zonakele kwaye ukuba ukujikeleza kugudileyo kwaye kuyaguquguquka; eyesine kukuba i-intercooler ivaliwe.

3) Ukukhutshwa kwevalve ayilungiswanga ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye umgca wokutywina wevalve awuhambelani kakuhle. Qwalasela ukucoceka kwevalve, i-valve spring kunye nesitywina sevalvu.

I-4) Ukunikezelwa kweoli ye-cylinder nganye yepompo ye-oyile ephezulu ayilingani okanye igqithise. Unikezelo lwe-oyile olungalinganiyo luya kubangela isantya esingazinzanga kunye nomsi omnyama ophazamisayo. Kufuneka ilungiswe ukuze ilungelelanise okanye ibe phakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo.

5) Ukuba inaliti ishiywe lixesha, i-angle yangaphambili yesitofu kufuneka ilungiswe.

6) I-injector ayisebenzi kakuhle okanye yonakaliswe, kufuneka isuswe ukucoca kunye nokuhlolwa.

7) Ukukhethwa kwemodeli ye-injector ayilunganga. Iinjini zesantya esiphezulu ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle zineemfuno ezingqongqo kwii-injection ezikhethiweyo (i-injection aperture, inani lemingxuma, i-injection angle). Ukuba ukhetho alufanelekanga, luya kubangela ukuba injini ikhuphe umsi omnyama, nokuba luhlobo olufanayo lwe-injini, kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo (Xa amandla okuphuma, isantya, njl. njl.), imodeli ye-injector efunekayo ukuba isetyenziswe yahlukile. Ukuba ukhetho alulunganga, i-injector yemodeli echanekileyo kufuneka itshintshwe.

I-8) Umgangatho we-diesel umpofu okanye uphawu alulunganga. Injini ye-diesel ephuma kumazwe angaphandle enesantya esiphezulu esixhotyiswe ngegumbi lokutshisa inaliti ene-porous injector ineemfuno ezingqongqo kumgangatho kunye nomgangatho wedizili ngenxa yobukhulu obuncinci kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu kwe-injector. Ngaphandle koko, iya kubangela ukuba injini ikhuphe umsi omnyama kwaye ibangele ukuba Injini ayisebenzi ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke, ioli ye-diesel ecocekileyo nefanelekileyo kufuneka isetyenziswe. Kunconywa ukuba xa ukhetha ioli ye-diesel, sebenzisa i-0 okanye +10 ehlobo, -10 okanye -20 ebusika, kunye -35 kwiindawo ezibandayo ezibandayo.

I-9) I-cylinder liner kunye ne-piston assembly igqitywe ngokungathí sina. Xa oku kusenzeka, i-piston ring ayivalwanga ngokuqinileyo kwaye uxinzelelo lomoya kwi-cylinder lwehla kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, i-diesel ayikwazi ukutshisa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ikhuphe umsi omnyama, kwaye amandla e-injini ehla ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimeko ezinzima, injini iya kuzicima ngokuzenzekelayo xa ilayishiwe. Iindawo zokunxiba kufuneka zitshintshwe.