Olunye ulwazi malunga neepistons

I-Piston yintshukumo ephindaphindayo kwi-cylinder yomzimba we-injini yemoto. Isakhiwo esisisiseko sepiston sinokuhlulwa sibe phezulu, intloko kunye nesiketi. Umphezulu wepiston yiyona nxalenye ephambili yegumbi lokutsha, kwaye imilo yayo ihambelana nefom yegumbi lokutsha elikhethiweyo. Iinjini zepetroli zihlala zisebenzisa ipiston ephezulu, enenzuzo yendawo encinci yokufunxa ubushushu. Umphezulu wepiston we-injini ye-diesel uhlala unemihadi eyahlukeneyo, imilo yayo ethile, indawo kunye nobukhulu kufuneka bube nokwakheka komxube we-injini ye-diesel kunye neemfuno zokutsha.

Ngenxa yokuba i-piston ye-injini yokutsha yangaphakathi isebenza phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye neemeko zomthwalo ophezulu, iimfuno zepiston ziphezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke ulwahlulo lwepiston ye-injini yokutsha luxoxwa kakhulu.
1. Ngokwe-fuel esetyenzisiweyo, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-petroli injini piston, i-injini ye-diesel piston, i-piston yegesi yendalo.
2. Ngokwempahla yepiston, inokwahlulwa ibe yipiston yentsimbi, ipiston yensimbi, i-aluminium alloy piston kunye nepiston edibeneyo.
3. Ngokwenkqubo yokuvelisa izikhewu zepiston, inokohlulwa ibe yipiston yokuphosa umxhuzulane, ipiston yokuphosa i-extrusion kunye nepiston yomgunyathi.
4. Ngokwemeko yokusebenza yepiston, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: ipiston engaxinzelelwanga kunye nepiston yoxinzelelo.
5. Ngokwenjongo yepiston, inokwahlulwa ibe yipiston yemoto, ipiston yeloli, ipiston yesithuthuthu, i-Marine piston, i-tank piston, ipiston yetrektara, i-lawn mower piston, njl.

Ngamandla enjini yemoto, uqoqosho, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zokuthembeka ziqina ngakumbi nangakumbi, ipiston iye yaphuhla yaba yimveliso yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu edibanisa izinto ezintsha ezinobunzima kunye nokuqina okuphezulu, umphezulu owenziwe ngecylindrical owenziwe ngokukhethekileyo, imingxunya yeephini eyodwa. kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha obutsha bokuqinisekisa ukuxhathisa ubushushu, ukumelana nokunxiba, ukuqondisa okugudileyo kunye nomsebenzi olungileyo wokutywina wepiston. Ukunciphisa ilahleko yokusebenza kwe-injini, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha, ingxolo kunye nokukhutshwa. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nezi mfuno zingasentla zokusebenza, isangqa sangaphandle sepiston ngokuqhelekileyo siyilwe njengesangqa esikhethekileyo sangaphandle (convex variable ellipse), oko kukuthi, icandelo lomnqamlezo lixhomekeke kwi-axis yepiston yi-ellipse okanye i-ellipse elungisiweyo, kunye ne-ellipticity eguqukayo kunye ne-axis ngokomgaqo othile (njengoko kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1), kunye nokuchaneka kwe-ellipticity yi-0.005mm; I-contour yangaphandle yecandelo le-longitudinal yepiston yigophe elifanelekileyo lomsebenzi ophezulu, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-contour yi-0.005 ~ 0.01mm. Ukuze kuphuculwe umthamo wokuthwala wepiston kunye nokwandisa ilitha yamandla enjini, imingxunya yepistoni enomthwalo ophezulu idla ngokuyilwa ibe yicone yangaphakathi okanye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo olugobileyo (imingxuma ekhethekileyo yephini), ukuchaneka kobungakanani. kwimingxuma yephini yinqanaba le-IT4, kwaye ukuchaneka kwe-contour yi-0.003mm. Njengeendawo eziphambili zemoto, ipiston ineempawu eziqinileyo zetekhnoloji ekusikeni. Ishishini lokwenziwa kwepiston yasekhaya lihlala liqulunqwe zizixhobo zoomatshini ngokubanzi kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezidityaniswe neempawu zenkqubo yomatshini wepiston, ke ngoko, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ziye zaba sisixhobo esiphambili sokusika ipiston, kwaye umsebenzi wayo kunye nokuchaneka kuya kuchaphazela ngqo izikhombisi zomgangatho weempawu eziphambili zemveliso yokugqibela.