U tseba eng ka bearing?

Litšobotsi tsa motsamao
Ha thota e ntse e sebetsa, ho hlokahala filimi e tšesaane ea oli pakeng tsa sehlahla se behang le molamu o potolohang ho e tlotsa. Haeba lubrication e futsanehile, ho na le khohlano e tobileng pakeng tsa ho beleha le shaft, 'me khohlano e tla hlahisa mocheso o phahameng haholo, le hoja ho beoa ho entsoe ka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng tsa alloy, empa mocheso o phahameng o hlahisoang ke ho ferekana ka ho toba o ntse o le teng. e lekaneng ho e chesa. Khetla ea ho jara e ka boela ea chesa ka lebaka la mojaro o feteletseng, mocheso o phahameng, litšila tsa oli e tlotsang kapa viscosity e sa tloaelehang le lintlha tse ling. Sebaka sa ho thella se ile sa senyeha ka mor'a hore tile e chesoe.

Ho etsa machining morung
Sehlahla se nang le marako a teteaneng se ka lahleloa, 'me lera la alloy (e bitsoang bearing liner) le ka tšeloa ka holim'a bokahare ba sehlahla se behang ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea likhohlano. E le ho etsa hore motsoako oa ho bea le khetla e belehang e khomarele hantle, mefuta e fapa-fapaneng ea mortise, groove kapa khoele e atisa ho etsoa ka holim'a bokahare ba khetla e belehang. Lerako le tšesaane le nang le lerako le ka hlahisoa ka bongata ke ho phethoha ho sa khaotseng ha lipoleiti tsa bimetal.
Metallurgy ea phofo ke ho kopanya lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tse kang tšepe kapa koporo ka mokhoa oa phofo le graphite, ebe o tobetsa le ho etsa sintering. Maroba a eona a ka boloka oli e tlotsang, e bitsoang ho bea oli.
Ho jara lintho tsa sehlahla hangata ho bonolo, cylinder e ka hare ha ea lokela ho sebetsoa ka mokhoa oa ho sila, e ka sebetsoa ka mokhoa o boring, oa daemane, oa ho phunya kapa oa ho sila. Mokhoa oa ho sila ha oa lokela ho sebelisoa ho lumellana le bophara ba shaft, empa o lokela ho sebelisa molamu o khethehileng oa ho roala ka boholo bo lekanang le lesoba la ho beha. Scraping e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa li-bearings tse sa fellang, tse nang le lehare le sephara. Ha o hopa ka letsoho, mongoapo o lokela ho ba o sa tebang. Ho beha sehlahla se nang le sebopeho se rarahaneng sa bokaholimo se lokela ho sebelisa mokhoa o ikhethileng oa boring ho latela sebopeho se ikhethileng.

Lintho tse nang le thepa li khetholloa ke coefficient e nyenyane ea likhohlano, matla a lekaneng a mokhathala, ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho sebetsa le ho hanyetsa ho hotle ha kutu. Lisebelisuoa tse jereng tse sebelisoang hangata ke motsoako oa alloy (Babbitt), alloy ea koporo, metallurgy ea phofo le tšepe ea tšepe e bohlooho le tšepe e sa senyeheng.
Lisebelisuoa tsa lihlahla tse sa tlotsoang li entsoe haholo ka polymer, carbon graphite le lirafshoa tse khethehileng mekhahlelo e meraro.
polymer
Polymer e boetse e tsejoa e le lisebelisoa tsa organic polymer, polasetiki ea boenjiniere. Lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang ka tloaelo ke phenolic resin, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) joalo-joalo. Li-bearings tse se nang lubricated tse entsoeng ka polasetiki (tse kang PTFE) li ka hanela li-acid tse matla le li-alkali tse fokolang, 'me li na le ho kenngoa hantle, ho thibela likhohlano le ho roala ho hanyetsa. Letlapa la polytetrafluoroethylene le hatisitsoe ka selikalikoe sa lip seal, sehlahla se nang le sehlahla, selikalikoe sa piston le gasket, joalo-joalo, tse sebelisetsoang ho tsamaisa mabanta, mochini oa ho thaepa, mochini o rokang, mochini oa rekoto oa ho rekota, pompo ea metsi, mochini oa masela le mochini oa temo.
Polymer e na le litšobotsi tsa boima bo bobebe, ho kenya letsoho, ho thibela likhohlano, ho hanyetsa ho roala, ho itlotsa, ho hanyetsa kutu, mokhoa o bonolo oa ho bopa le katleho e phahameng ea tlhahiso. Ha ho bapisoa le lisebelisoa tsa tšepe, thepa ea bona ea tribological e na le kutloelo-bohloko ho mocheso o teng le mongobo, 'me litšobotsi tse amanang le viscoelasticity li bohlokoa, kahoo lekhalo pakeng tsa sehlahla se behang le koranta e kholoanyane. 'Me ka lebaka la matla a eona a tlase a mochini, modulus e nyane ea elastic, ho monya hampe ha oli e tlotsang, le ho fokotsa lebelo la ho sebetsa le boleng ba khatello ea bering.
carbon-graphite
Carbon-graphite behang e ka sebelisoa libakeng tse thata. Ha li-graphite li le ngata, ha thepa e le bonolo, e fokotsa coefficient ea likhohlano.
Carbon graphite ka kakaretso e na le conductivity e ntle ea motlakase, ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho itšehla thajana, ho tsitsisa mocheso o phahameng, k'hemik'hale e matla ea lik'hemik'hale, mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso ho feta polymer, le coefficient e nyenyane ea ho atolosa. The friction factor and wear rate with chrome-plated surface li tlase haholo maemong a sepakapaka le mocheso oa kamore. Lintho tsa eona tse kolobisang le tse thibelang ho ferekana li itšetlehile ka bongata ba mouoane oa metsi o adsorbed, empa li tla lahleheloa ke lubricity ka mongobo o tlase haholo. Ho hanyetsa ha carbon graphite ho ka ntlafatsoa ka ho sebelisa lesela le thibelang ho senya. Carbon-graphite e ka boela ea sebelisoa e le thepa e nang le lubricated ka metsi.
Graphite e ke ke ea sebelisoa feela e le setlolo se tiileng, e ka ekeletsoa ho resin, tšepe, ceramics le lisebelisoa tse ling, ho eketsa anti-friction ea lisebelisoa tsena, empa hape e ka sebelisoa ka kotloloho e le lisebelisoa tsa para ea likhohlano, joalo ka ho etsa pampiri, ts'ebetso ea lehong, masela, lijo le libaka tse ling tse hananang le oli, li-bearings tsa mocheso o phahameng, mehele ea ho tiisa, mehele ea piston, li-scrapers joalo-joalo. Letšoao la moemeli oa "sehlopha" sa lisebelisoa tsa carbon-graphite bakeng sa boenjiniere ba mechine ke M, 'me ho na le lihlopha tse' nè: lisebelisoa tsa carbon-graphite, lisebelisoa tsa electrochemical graphite, lisebelisoa tsa resin carbon composite le lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tsa graphite.
ceramic
Li-ceramics ke liminerale tsa tlhaho tse seng tsa tšepe kapa metsoako ea maiketsetso e le lisebelisoa tse tala, ka ho sila, ho etsa le mocheso o phahameng oa sintering, o entsoeng ka likristale tse ngata tsa inorganic tse se nang tšepe le karolo ea khalase ea lisebelisoa tse seng tsa tšepe. Li-ceramics tsa setso li entsoe ka liminerale tsa tlhaho tse se nang tšepe, tse kang letsopa, feldspar, quartz, joalo-joalo. Li-ceramics tse khethehileng li entsoe ka metsoako ea maiketsetso e le lisebelisoa tse tala. Li-ceramics tse sebelisoang boenjiniere ba mechini hangata ke lirafshoa tse khethehileng tse entsoeng ka alumina, magnesium oxide, zirconia, lead oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride le metsoako e meng ea maiketsetso.
Thepa ea li-ceramics e khethoa haholo ke microstructure ea bona, ho kenyelletsa boholo ba lijo-thollo le kabo, sebopeho le litaba tsa karolo ea khalase, le mofuta, litaba le kabo ea litšila. Microstructure e khethoa ke lisebelisoa tse tala, sebopeho le mokhoa oa tlhahiso. Litšobotsi tse tloaelehileng tsa li-ceramics ke boima bo phahameng le matla a ho hatella, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho roala, ho hanyetsa oxidation, ho hanyetsa kutu, ho brittleness, ho hanyetsa tšusumetso le ho se be le ductility.
Ceramic ke mofuta o mocha oa thepa ea ho jara ntle le lubrication, haholo-holo SiC le Si3N4, matla a bona, ho hanyetsa mocheso le ho hanyetsa kutu li ntle haholo, thepa ea tribological le eona e ntle haholo.