Piston mhete ndechimwe chechokwadi zvikamu zveinjini yedhiziri, uye mamiriro ayo ekushanda akaipa. Kana injini yedhiziri ikashandiswa uye ikachengetwa zvisina kufanira, uye nzira yekuunganidza mhete yepiston haina kunaka, kupfekedzwa kwepiston mhete kunozoitika. Heino sumo pfupi yehunhu uye zvikonzero zvekupfeka zvisina kujairika kwemhete yepiston:

1. Kuneta kukanganisa

1) Zvimiro. Nzvimbo dzepamusoro uye dzepasi dzekushanda dzemhete yepiston dzakanyanya kukweshwa uye dzakapfekwa zvakanyanya, uye ruvara rwemhete yepiston yakasviba; iyo yekusangana pamusoro pemhete yekutanga yepiston uye silinda yakasakara zvakanyanya, uye kunze kwekushanda kwepamusoro pepiston mhete yemasilinda mazhinji ine madiki madiki padivi peiyo cylinder axis. ; Kune akawanda madhaka uye pendi firimu kuseri kwemhete yegesi uye kutenderedza gomba remafuta rekudzoka regirovha yemafuta.

2) Zvikonzero. Chikonzero chakananga chekukuvara kwekuneta kwepiston mhete ndiyo nzira yekushanda uye kusagadziriswa kusina kunaka kwejini panguva yekumhanya-munguva. Izvo zvinonyanya kupesvedzera zvinhu ndezvekuti: injini yedhiziri inoshanda nekukurumidza uye inorema mutoro kwenguva yakareba panguva yekumhanya-mukushanda nguva, kana kamwe kamwe inodzima kana mota ichipisa; iyo hose inobatanidza firiji yemhepo kune pombi yekutora ipfupi-inotenderera, zvichiita kuti guruva ripinde muhumburu; Mhando yemafuta ekuzora akaiswa jekiseni haazadzise zvinodiwa, uye kusvibiswa kwakakomba; hutano hwejojo ​​yejojo ​​yejojo ​​yakashata kana kuti hutano hwemafuta akasarudzwa husina kunaka, injini ye dizeli inoshanda pakupisa kwakadzika kwenguva yakareba; mafuta ekufambisa mberi angle haana kururama, nezvimwewo.

2. Kutyoka

1) Zvimiro. Mhete yekutanga yepiston yakaputsika uye piston ring groove yakakuvadzwa; kune corrugated madhizaini ekudhonza kunze kwekunze kwekushanda kwemhete yepiston uye chikamu chepamusoro checylinder; piston skirt uye chikamu chepamusoro chesilinda chinonyunguduka uye chakasakara; kuputsika kunowanzoitika kumativi ose ekuvhura. Point area.

2) Zvikonzero. Chikonzero chakananga chekuputsika kwepiston mhete kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kana kuchengetedza injini. Izvo zvinonyanya kupesvedzera zvinhu ndezvi: injini yedhiziri inoshanda pasi pekupisa kwenguva yakareba, zvichiita kuti piston ringi riite jam; iyo viscosity yemafuta ekuzora anoshandiswa yakakura kwazvo; kusarudzwa kwemhete yepiston haina musoro kana nzira yekuisa haina kunaka, iyo inokonzera kushushikana kwemhete yepiston; iyo piston uye cylinder Iyo inofananidzwa clearance yeinjini yedhiziri idiki kwazvo; injini yedhiziri yave ichishanda pasi pemamiriro ekupisa kwenguva yakareba.

3. Mhete inonamira

1) Zvimiro. Kune yakawanda sludge, carbon deposits uye colloidal deposits papiston mhete uye piston ring groove; iyo yekunze yekushanda pamusoro pemhete yepiston inopa kupenya kwakakwenenzverwa, uye kune yakadzika longitudinal scratches; elasticity yepiston ring haina simba.

2) Zvikonzero. Chikonzero chakananga chemhete yekunamira ndechekuti piston ring inosungirirwa nesludge uye kabhoni deposits, uye mhete yepiston uye silinda zvakaremara. Zvinonyanya kupesvedzera zvinhu ndezvi: kuomarara kwekupisa kwepiston ring uye silinda, kudikitira kumashure uye backlash yemhete yepiston, zvichiita kuti mhete inamire mugero remhete uye isakwanise kufamba; injini yedhiziri inopisa kana kuti yakareba kwenguva refu, iyo inokonzera mafuta ekuzora kuti abudise colloid yakakwirira-yekushisa; Hunhu husina kunaka hwemafuta ekuzora; urombo husina kunaka jekiseni remafuta ejekiseni remafuta; kusashanda zvakanaka kweiyo crankcase ventilation mudziyo, zvichikonzera kudzvinyirira kwakanyanyisa kwakashata kana kusasimba kwehumburumbira hwemhepo, zvichiita kuti mafuta akwire kumusoro; kusarudzwa kusinganzwisisike kwema cylinder liners kana nzira dzisina kunaka dzekutsikirira Deformation nezvimwe zvakadaro.

4. Kupfeka zvishoma

1) Zvimiro. Zviso zvepamusoro uye zvepasi zviso zvemhete yepiston uye groove yemhete ine kupfeka kudiki, unilateral kana kusaenzana kupfeka pane inotenderera; kune zvikwambo zvenguva refu pane yekunze yekushanda pamusoro pemhete yepiston nekuda kwekupfeka kwekunamatira; pane kuvhuvhuta papiston mhete uye pamusoro peiyo piston trace.

2) Zvikonzero. Chikonzero chakananga chekupfeka kwakasarudzika kwemhete yepiston imhaka yenzvimbo isiriyo yepiston mucylinder. Zvinonyanya kupesvedzera zvinhu ndezvi: kusakwana kumhanya-mukushanda kweinjini itsva kana injini yedhiziri mushure mekugadzirisa; thermal deformation ye cylinder liner uye nzvimbo isina kururama mushure mokunge cylinder yakaiswa muvhavhavhavha; kukotama kana kubvongodza tsvimbo yekubatanidza; yakawandisa crankshaft axial clearance, nezvimwe.


5. Kukwenya panzvimbo yekushanda

1) Zvimiro. Kune grooves refu kune rumwe rutivi rwepiston mhete kana pane circumferential kushanda pamusoro; simbi peeling kana yakakura-nzvimbo scratches pamusoro pekuonana pamusoro; kushanda pamusoro pekukwenya uye kunamatira zvindori zvinowanzoitika panguva imwe chete.

2) Zvikonzero. Chikonzero chakananga chepiston ring scratches chinokonzerwa nekuparadzwa kwefirimu yemafuta ekuzora pakati pemhete yepiston uye cylinder. Izvo zvinonyanya kupesvedzera zvinhu ndezvekuti: iyo inofananidzwa clearance pakati pepiston necylinder idiki kwazvo; nzira yekuunganidza mhete yepiston haina kunaka kana muromo wemhete inomanikidzwa kana kutambanudzwa pakuda panguva yegungano kuti iite deformation; nzira yekuunganidza cylinder liner kana kuomesa musoro we cylinder haina kururama, zvichiita kuti cylinder liner iparadze; Kushanda kwenguva refu kweinjini yedhiziri pasi pemamiriro ekushisa kwakanyanya kunoita kuti firimu remafuta ekuzora riputse; mafuta ekuzora asina kukwana kana kusvibiswa kwakakomba, nezvimwe.