Kutyoka kwecrankshaft kunowanzotanga kubva pakatsemuka kadiki, uye mizhinji yekutsemuka nekutsemuka kunoitika pachikamu chekubatanidza che crank arm pamakona akakomberedzwa ejoining rod journal yemusoro cylinder kana end silinda. Panguva yekushanda, mutswe wakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye kamwe kamwe wakaputsika pawakasvika pane imwe nhanho. Chikamu chebrown chinowanzo kuwanikwa pachiso chekutyoka, icho chiri pachena chakatsemuka chekare, uye inopenya uye inopenya chimiro chiratidzo chekuputsika kamwe kamwe gare gare. Ngatitarisei chikonzero chekuputsika crankshaft nemunhu wese nhasi! Injini crankshaft fracture dambudziko

1. Makona akatenderedzwa kumativi ese ejenari re crankshaft madiki zvakanyanya

Pakukuya crankshaft, grinder yakatadza kunyatso kudzora axial fillet ye crankshaft. Pamusoro peiyo hutsinye hwepamusoro machining, iyo fillet radius zvakare idiki. Naizvozvo, kana crankshaft iri kushanda, kushushikana kukuru kunoitika pafillet, uye crankshaft inopfupikiswa. Kuneta hupenyu.

2. Offset ye crankshaft main journal axis

Iyo axis yejenari huru ye crankshaft yakatsauka, izvo zvinoparadza dhirivha yechiyero chegungano re crankshaft. Kana injini yedhiziri ichimhanya nekumhanya kwazvo, inoburitsa simba rakasimba reinertial, izvo zvinoita kuti crankshaft ityoke.

3. Makwikwi echando e crankshaft akakurisa

Mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu kwe crankshaft, kunyanya mushure mekuitika kwekupisa matairi kana cylinder ramming tsaona, mabhende makuru achaitika, uye anofanirwa kubviswa kuti anotonhora agadziriswe. Nekuda kwekugadziriswa kwepurasitiki kwesimbi yemukati ye crankshaft panguva yekuenzanisa, yakakura yekuwedzera kushushikana inogadzirwa, nekudaro ichidzikisa simba re crankshaft. Kana makwikwi ekutonhora akakurisa, crankshaft inogona kukuvara kana kuputika. Rudzi urwu rwe crankshaft ruchatyoka nguva pfupi mushure mekushandiswa.

4. Flywheel yakasununguka

Kana mabhaudhi eflywheel akasununguka, gungano re crankshaft rinorasikirwa nechiyero chayo chepakutanga, uye injini yedhiziri ichazununguka mushure mekumhanya, uye simba guru reinertial richagadzirwa panguva imwe chete, izvo zvichaita kuti crankshaft ineta uye nyore kutsemuka. muswe unopera.

5. Hunhu hwe crankshaft pachahwo hurombo

Usatenge crankshafts nemutengo wakaderera, unofanirwa kuzvitenga kubva kumatanho akajairwa. Inofanira kunyatsoongororwa isati yaiswa, uye kana pane dambudziko, inofanira kutsiviwa kana kudzorerwa nenguva. Uye zvakare, kana injini ichinge yadzokororwa, crankshaft inofanirwa kuongororwa nemagnetic inspection kana kunyudzwa kwemafuta. Kana iyo jenari pamusoro iine radial cracks kana axial cracks inosvika kumakona akatenderedzwa epafudzi, crankshaft haichakwanise kushandiswa.

6. Axis yakasiyana yekutakura kukuru

Pakuunganidza crankshaft, kana mitsara yepakati yemakwenzi makuru pacylinder block akasiyana neaxis, injini yedhiziri inozogara ichipisa gwenzi uye axle inobata tsaona mushure mekushanda, uye crankshaft ichatsemukawo pasi pechiito chakasimba che. alternating stress.

7. Iyo crankshaft assembly clearance yakakura kwazvo

Kana chibvumirano chinofananidzwa pakati pejenari re crankshaft uye gwenzi rinotakura rakakurisa, crankshaft inokanganisa gwenzi rinotakura mushure mekunge injini yedhiziri yave kushanda, asi alloy inodonha uye gwenzi richapisa uye rakabata shaft, uye crankshaft ichadonha. zvakare kukuvara nyore nyore.

8. Nguva yekupa mafuta yakakurumidza kana huwandu hwemafuta ehumburumbira imwe neimwe haina kuenzana

Kana iyo jekiseni remafuta pombi yekupa mafuta nguva ichiri kumberi, piston ichapisa uye kushanda pamberi penzvimbo yakafa yepamusoro, izvo zvinozoita kuti injini yedhiziri igogodze uye crankshaft ichakanganiswa nekutsinhana kunetseka. Kana mafuta ehumburumbira ega ega asina kuenzana, simba rejenari rega rega re crankshaft richave risina kuenzana nekuda kwekusawirirana kwenyaya yekuputika kwecylinder yega yega, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuneta kusati kwasvika uye kuputika.

9. Kuzora zvisina kunaka crankshaft

Kana pombi yemafuta yakasakara zvakanyanya, chiteshi chemafuta ekuzora chakasviba, uye kuyerera hakuna kutsvedzerera, mafuta emafuta anenge asina kukwana uye kudzvanywa kwemafuta kunodonha, zvichikonzera kutadza kweyakajairwa mafuta ekuzora firimu pakati pe crankshaft neiyo kubereka makwenzi, izvo zvinokonzeresa kukakavara kwakaoma uye kukonzeresa kutsva kwemakwenzi uye shafts. , Kupwanya crankshaft nedzimwe tsaona huru.

10. Crankshaft kuputsika kunokonzerwa nekushanda kusina kunaka

Kana iyo throttle yakakwira zvakanyanya kana yakadzikira, braking inowanzoitika kana kuremerwa kwenguva yakareba panguva yekushanda, crankshaft ichakuvadzwa neyakawandisa torque kana kukanganisa mutoro. Pamusoro pezvo, crankshaft inotapukira zvakare kana injini yedhiziri ikaita tsaona dzakadai sekutiza, ramming uye ejection yevharuvhu. Kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa kweinjini crankshaft fracture

Kuti udzivirire crankshaft kubva pakutyoka, matanho anotevera anogona kutorwa panguva yekugadzirisa:

Chokutanga pane zvose, usati wagadzirisa crankshaft, nyatsotarisa crankshaft yekuputika, nyatsoteerera kune fillet transition part, kana pane kuputika, shaft inofanira kuputswa. Paunenge uchikuya jenari, chengetedza imwe fillet radius pakati pejenari uye crank arm. Usaderedze saizi yefillet zvisina tsarukano. Teerera kumagumo ekumusoro kwefillet, zvikasadaro zvinokonzeresa kushushikana uye kuita kuti crankshaft ityoke.

Chechipiri, kana kupfekedzwa kwejenari saizi kwakapfuura muganhu, zvinodikanwa kusarudza nzira ine simba shoma pakuneta kwesimba rejenari kupora. Iko kuderedzwa kwesimba kwakanyanya.

Zvadaro, kubvumirana kwemvumo uye kupera kwekuregererwa kwejenari rega rega uye kutakura kunofanira kuenderana nechiyero. Kana iyo clearance yakakura kwazvo, zviri nyore kukuvadza crankshaft nekuda kwekukanganisa. Kana iyo clearance iri diki zvakanyanya, crankshaft inogona kutyoka nekuda kwekubata shaft. Panyaya yekuungana, nguva yekubatidza inofanirwa kugadziridzwa nenzira kwayo, kwete kunonoka kana kudzoka zvakanyanya, teerera kune chiyero che crankshaft, flywheel uye clutch.