Patinogadzirisa injini yemotokari, chiitiko che "kudonha katatu" (kudonha kwemvura, kubuda kwemafuta uye kubuda kwemhepo) ndiyo yakanyanya musoro kune vashandi vekuchengetedza. "Kudonha katatu" kungaita sekwakajairika, asi kunokanganisa zvakananga kushandiswa kwemotokari uye kuchena kwekuonekwa kwejini yemotokari. Kana "kudonha kutatu" munzvimbo dzakakosha dzeinjini kunogona kudzorwa zvakanyanya inyaya yakakosha iyo vashandi vekuchengetedza vanofanirwa kufunga nezvayo.

1 Mhando dzezvisimbiso zveinjini uye kusarudzwa kwavo

Hunhu hweinjini chisimbiso zvinhu uye kusarudzwa kwayo kwakaringana kunokanganisa zvakananga kunaka kweinjini seal performance.

① Cork board gasket
Corkboard gaskets inotsikirirwa kubva kune granular cork ine yakakodzera binder. Inowanzo shandiswa pani yemafuta, bhachi remvura parutivi chivharo, chivharo chemvura, thermostat imba, pombi yemvura uye chivharo chevhavha, etc. Mukushandiswa, magasi akadaro haasisiri sarudzo inosarudzwa yemotokari dzemazuva ano nekuda kwekuti mapuranga ekork ari nyore kuputsika uye zvisingaite kuisa, asi zvinogona kushandiswa sechinotsiva.

② Gasket asbestos ndiro gasket
Liner asbestos board iplate-like material yakagadzirwa neasbestos fiber uye adhesive material, ine hunhu hwekupisa kupisa, pressure resistance, mafuta kuramba, uye hapana deformation. Inowanzo shandiswa muma carburetors, pombi dzepeturu, mafirita emafuta, nguva dzegiya dzimba, nezvimwe.

③ Oiri-inodzivirira rabha padhi
Iro-resistant rubber mat rinonyanya kugadzirwa nenitrile rabha uye rabha rechisikigo, uye sirika yeasbestos inowedzerwa. Inowanzo shandiswa seyakaumbwa gasket yekuvharisa injini dzemotokari, inonyanya kushandiswa pani dzemafuta, mavharuvhu anovhara, nguva yegiya dzimba uye mafirita emhepo.

④ Special gasket
a. Kumberi uye kumashure kwemafuta zvisimbiso zve crankshaft zvinowanzove zvakakosha zvikamu zvakajairwa. Vazhinji vavo vanoshandisa skeleton rubber mafuta seals. Paunenge uchiisa, teerera kune kwayo kutungamira. Kana pasina chinyorwa chinoratidza, muromo une dhayamita diki yemukati yemafuta seal inofanira kuiswa yakatarisana nejini.
b. Iyo cylinder liner inowanzogadzirwa nesimbi sheet kana copper sheet asbestos. Parizvino, mazhinji emotokari injini cylinder gaskets anoshandisa composite gaskets, kureva, mukati mesimbi simbi inowedzerwa pakati peasbestos layer kuti ivandudze kusimba kwayo. Nokudaro, "washout" kuramba kwe cylinder head gasket inovandudzwa. Kuiswa kwe cylinder liner kunofanirwa kutarisisa kune kwayo kutungamira. Kana paine chiratidzo chegungano "TOP", chinofanira kutarisana kumusoro; kana pasina chiratidzo chegungano, nzvimbo yakatsetseka ye cylinder head gasket ye general cast iron cylinder block inofanira kutarisana ne cylinder block, nepo silinda yealuminium alloy cylinder block inofanira kutarisana kumusoro. Rutivi rwakatsetseka rwegasket runofanira kutarisana nemusoro we cylinder.
c. Iyo yekupinza uye yekupedza manifold gaskets inogadzirwa nesimbi kana mhangura yakavharwa asbestos. Paunenge uchiisa, kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kuti nzvimbo yakakomberedzwa (kureva, iyo isiri-yakatsetseka pamusoro) inotarisana nemuviri wecylinder.
d. Chisimbiso padivi peyekupedzisira hombe inotakura kavha ye crankshaft inowanzovharwa neyakapfava tekinoroji kana bamboo. Zvisinei, kana pasina chidimbu chakadaro, tambo yeasbestos yakanyoroveswa mumafuta ekuzora inogonawo kushandiswa panzvimbo, asi kana ichizadza, tambo yeasbestos inofanira kuputswa nepfuti yakakosha kudzivirira kubuda kwemafuta.
e. Iyo spark plug uye exhaust pombi yekubatanidza gasket inofanira kutsiviwa negasket nyowani mushure mekuparadza uye kusangana; nzira yekuwedzera kaviri gaskets haifaniri kugamuchirwa kudzivirira kubuda kwemhepo. Chiitiko chakaratidza kuti kuiswa chisimbiso kweaviri gaskets kwakaipisisa.

⑤ Sealant
Sealant rudzi rutsva rwekuisa chisimbiso mukuchengetedza kweazvino injini dzemotokari. Chitarisiko chayo nekusimudzira zvinopa mamiriro akanaka ekuvandudza tekinoroji yekuisa chisimbiso uye kugadzirisa "kudonha kutatu" kweinjini. Kune marudzi akawanda ezvisimbiso, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kune zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemotokari. Injini dzemotokari dzinowanzo shandisa dzisiri dzakasungwa (dzinowanzozivikanwa semvura gasket) sealants. Icho chinhu che viscous liquid ine polymer compound se matrix. Mushure mekuputira, yunifomu, yakagadzikana uye inoenderera yakanamatira yakaonda layer kana peelable firimu inoumbwa pane yakabatana pamusoro pezvikamu, uye inogona kuzadza zvizere kushushikana uye pamusoro peiyo yakabatana pamusoro. mugomba. Iyo sealant inogona kushandiswa yega kana musanganiswa nemagaskets evhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhavhagi,nezvimwewo,uye zvakare inogona kushandiswa yega pasi pekupedzisira kutakura chivharo che crankshaft,pamwe nemafuta hole plugs uye mapuranga emafuta. zvichingoenda zvakadaro.

2 Nyaya dzakati wandei dzinofanirwa kutariswa pakuchengetedza injini zvisimbiso

① Iyo yekare yekuisa chisimbiso gasket haigone kushandiswa zvakare
Iyo yekuisa chisimbiso gaskets yeinjini inoiswa pakati penzvimbo dzezvikamu zviviri. Kana magasi akadzvanywa, anofananidza kusaenzana kwemicroscopic kwepamusoro pezvikamu uye kuita basa rekuisa chisimbiso. Nokudaro, nguva dzose injini inochengetedzwa, gasket itsva inofanira kutsiviwa, kana zvisina kudaro, kuvuza kuchaitika zvechokwadi.

② Nzvimbo yakabatana yezvikamu inofanira kunge yakadzikama uye yakachena
Usati waisa gasket nyowani, ita shuwa kuti iyo yakabatana pamusoro pechikamu chakachena uye isina tsvina, uye panguva imwe chete, tarisa kana nzvimbo yechikamu yakamonyoroka, kana paine convex hull pane yekubatanidza screw hole, nezvimwe. ., uye inofanira kugadziriswa kana zvichidiwa. Iyo yekuisa chisimbiso ye gasket inogona kungoitwa zvizere kana iyo yakabatana pamusoro pezvikamu zvakati sandara, yakachena uye isina kuputika.

③ Iyo injini gasket inofanira kuiswa zvakanaka uye kuchengetwa
Usati washandiswa, unofanirwa kuchengetwa zvachose mubhokisi rekutanga, uye haufanirwe kurongedzerwa zvisina tsarukano kuti ukotame uye kupindirana, uye haifanirwe kusungirirwa pamachira.

④ Yese tambo dzekubatanidza dzinofanirwa kuve dzakachena uye dzisina kukuvara
Tsvina pashinda dzemabhoti kana screw holes inofanira kubviswa ne threading kana tapping; iyo tsvina iri pasi pemakomba escrew inofanira kubviswa nepombi uye mweya wakamanikidzwa; tambo dziri paaluminium alloy cylinder musoro kana cylinder body inofanira kuzadzwa ne sealant , kudzivirira gasi kupinda mukati mejasi remvura.

⑤ Nzira yekutsanya inofanira kuva inonzwisisika
Kune iyo yejoint surface yakabatana nemabhaudhi akawanda, bhaudhi rimwe chete kana nati haifanirwe kukwizwa panzvimbo panguva imwe chete, asi inofanira kusimbiswa kakawanda kudzivirira deformation yezvikamu kubva pakukanganisa kushanda kwekuvhara. Mabhaudhi uye nzungu pane akakosha majoini majoini anofanirwa kusimbiswa zvinoenderana neyakarongerwa kurongeka uye kuomesa torque.
a. Kuomesa kutevedzana kwecylinder musoro kunofanirwa kuve kwakarurama. Paunenge uchiomesa mabhaudhi emusoro wecylinder, unofanirwa kukwidziridzwa zvakaenzanirana kubva pakati kusvika kumativi mana, kana zvinoenderana nekusimbisa kutevedzana chati kwakapihwa nemugadziri.
b. Iyo yekusimbisa nzira ye cylinder head bolts inofanira kuva yakarurama. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, iyo bhaudhi inosimbisa torque kukosha kunofanirwa kusimbiswa kune yakataurwa kukosha mu3 nguva, uye kugovera torque kwe3 nguva ndeye 1/4, 1/2 uye yakataurwa torque kukosha. Cylinder musoro mabhoti ane zvakakosha zvinodiwa anozoitwa zvinoenderana nemirairo yemugadziri. Semuenzaniso, Hongqi CA 7200 sedan inoda kukosha kwe torque ye 61N·m kekutanga, 88N·m kechipiri, uye kutenderera kwe90 ° kechitatu.
c. Aluminium alloy cylinder musoro, sezvo iyo yekuwedzera coefficient yakakura kupfuura iyo yemabhaudhi, mabhaudhi anofanirwa kusimbiswa munzvimbo inotonhora. Iyo yakakandwa iron cylinder head bolts inofanira kusimbiswa kaviri, ndiko kuti, mushure mekunge motokari inotonhora yakasimbiswa, uye injini inodziya uye inosimbiswa kamwe chete.
d. Iyo mafuta pani screw inofanirwa kuve yakashongedzerwa newasheri yakatsetseka, uye chitubu chewachi hachifanirwe kunge chakanangana negango remafuta. Paunenge uchiomesa screw, inofanira kusimbiswa zvakaenzana mu2 nguva kubva pakati kusvika kumativi maviri, uye torque inosimbisa inowanzo 2ON · m-3ON · m. Yakawandisa torque inoshatisa pani yemafuta uye kukanganisa kuita kwekuisa chisimbiso.

⑥ Kushandiswa zvakanaka kwechisimbiso
a. Yese mafuta plug mafuta ekumanikidza sensor uye mafuta aramu sensor yakarukwa majoini anofanirwa kuputirwa nechisimbiso panguva yekuisa.
b. Cork board gaskets haifanirwe kuvharwa nechisimbiso, kana zvisina kudaro iyo yakapfava bhodhi gaskets ichakuvadzwa nyore; ma sealants haafanire kuve akaputirwa pamacylinder gaskets, kutora uye kupera manifold gaskets, spark plug gaskets, carburetor gaskets, nezvimwe.
c. Paunenge uchiisa chisimbiso, inofanira kushandiswa zvakaenzana mune imwe nzira, uye hapafaniri kuva nekuputsika kweglue pakati, kana zvisina kudaro pachava nekuputika pane glue rakaputsika.
d. Kana uchiisa chisimbiso chepamusoro pezvikamu zviviri nechisimbiso chega, mukaha wepamusoro pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvinofanira kuva zvishoma kudarika kana kuenzana ne0.1mm, kana zvisina kudaro, gasket inofanira kuwedzerwa.

⑦ Mushure mokunge zvikamu zvose zvaiswa uye zvakabatanidzwa zvakare sezvinodiwa, kana kuchine "kudonha katatu" chiitiko, dambudziko rinowanzova muhutano hwegasket pachayo.
Panguva ino, gasket inofanira kuongororwa zvakare uye kutsiviwa neimwe itsva.

Chero bedzi iyo yekuisa chisimbiso yakasarudzwa zvine musoro uye akati wandei matambudziko ekugadzirisa chisimbiso akatariswa, iyo "nhatu kuvuza" chiitiko cheinjini yemotokari inogona kunyatso kudzora.