Chii chaunoziva pamusoro pekubereka?

Mafambiro maitiro
Kana iyo plain bearing iri kushanda, firimu remafuta rakatetepa rinodiwa pakati pegwenzi rinotakura uye shaft inotenderera kuti igove iyo. Kana iyo lubrication isiri yakashata, pane kukweshana kwakananga pakati pekutakura uye shaft, uye kukwesha kunoburitsa tembiricha yakanyanya, kunyangwe kutakura kunogadzirwa nemhando yepamusoro-tembiricha alloy zvinhu, asi tembiricha yepamusoro inogadzirwa nekukwesha kwakananga kuchiri. zvakakwana kuipisa. Iyo goko rinotakura rinogona zvakare kupisa nekuda kwekuremerwa kwakanyanya, tembiricha yakakwira, kusvibiswa mumafuta ekuzora kana abnormal viscosity nezvimwe zvinhu. Kutsvedza kwacho kwakakuvadzwa mushure mekunge tile yapiswa.

Bearing bush Machining
Iyo gobvu-yakakomberedzwa gwenzi rinotakura rinogona kukandwa, uye dhizaini yekubereka alloy (inonzi bearing liner) inogona kudururwa mukati memukati mebereko gwenzi kuti ivandudze friction performance. Kuti uite iyo inotakura alloy uye bhomba rinotakura ribatanidze zvakanaka, maitiro akasiyana-siyana e mortise, groove kana shinda anowanzo gadzirwa mukati memukati weiyo ganda rinotakura. Mudhuri wakatetepa unogona kuve wakawanda-wakagadzirwa nekuenderera mberi kutenderedzwa kwebimetal mahwendefa.
Powder metallurgy ndiko kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita sesimbi kana mhangura muforoma yehupfu ine graphite, wobva watsikirira nekuumba sintering. Maburi ayo anogona kuchengeta mafuta ekuzora, anonzi mafuta anotakura.
Kutakura gwenzi zvinhu kunowanzo kupfava, iyo silinda yemukati haifanirwe kugadziridzwa nenzira yekukuya, inogona kugadziriswa nekufinha, dhaimani kufinha, kukwenya kana kugaya nzira. Nzira yekukuya haifaniri kushandiswa kuenzanisa dhayamita yeshaft, asi inofanira kushandisa tsvimbo yakakosha yekuputira nehukuru hwakafanana negomba rekubereka. Kukwenya kunonyanya kushandiswa kune chidimbu chetairi mabhengi, ane wide blade scraper. Paunenge uchikwenya neruoko, kukwenya kunofanirwa kuve kwakadzika. Kutakura gwenzi rine yakaoma yemukati chimiro chepamusoro inofanira kutora yakakosha nzira inofinha zvinoenderana nechimiro chaicho.

Iyo inotakura zvinhu inoratidzwa nediki friction coefficient, yakakwana kuneta simba, yakanaka yekumhanya kuita uye yakanaka corrosion resistance. Zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinotakura zvinhu zvinotakura alloy (Babbitt), copper alloy, poda metallurgy uye grey cast iron uye kupfeka-resistant cast iron.
Zvisina-rubricated kutakura bushing zvinhu zvinonyanya polymer, kabhoni graphite uye yakakosha ceramics mapoka matatu.
polymer
Polymer inozivikanwawo se organic polymer zvinhu, engineering mapurasitiki. Zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinhu phenolic resin, naironi, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) uye zvichingodaro. Mabhengi asina mafuta akagadzirwa nemapurasitiki (akadai sePTFE) anogona kurwisa maasidhi akasimba uye alkali asina simba, uye ane embedding yakanaka, anti-friction uye kupfeka kuramba. Iyo polytetrafluoroethylene sheet yakadhindwa mumuromo seal mhete, inotakura gwenzi, piston mhete uye gasket, nezvimwe, izvo zvinoiswa kune bhandi conveyor, tapureta, muchina wekusonesa, rekodhi player turntable, pombi yemvura, machira emuchina nemichina yekurima.
Iyo polymer ine hunhu hwehuremu huremu, insulation, anti-friction, kupfeka kuramba, self-lubrication, corrosion resistance, nyore kuumba maitiro uye yakakwirira kugadzirwa. Zvichienzaniswa nezvinhu zvesimbi, tribological properties inonzwa kune ambient tembiricha uye humidity, uye maitiro ane hukama neviscoelasticity akakosha, saka mukaha uripo pakati pegwenzi rinotakura uye magazini yakakura. Uye nekuda kwesimba rayo rakaderera remuchina, diki elastic modulus, kunyura kwakashata kwemafuta ekuzora, uye kudzikisira kumhanya kwekushanda uye kukosha kwekumanikidza kwekutakura.
carbon-graphite
Carbon-graphite bearing inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakaoma. Iyo yakawanda graphite yemukati, iyo yakapfava zvinhu, iyo idiki iyo friction coefficient.
Carbon graphite kazhinji ine yakanaka conductivity yemagetsi, kupisa kupisa, kupfeka kuramba, kuzvizora, kugadzikana kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kusimba kwemakemikari ekupisa, kukwira kwekushisa kwepolymer, uye diki mutsara wekuwedzera coefficient. Iyo friction factor uye chiyero chekupfeka ine chrome-plated pamusoro yakadzikira zvakanyanya mumhepo uye tembiricha yekamuri. Kuzvinyorovesa kwayo uye antifriction zvimiro zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwemhute yemvura yakashambadzirwa, asi inorasikirwa nerubricity pakunyorova kwakanyanya. Iyo yekupfeka kuramba kwekabhoni graphite inogona kuvandudzwa nekuisa abrasion inodzivirira coating. Carbon-graphite inogonawo kushandiswa semvura-yakazorwa inotakura zvinhu.
Graphite haingoshandisi semafuta akasimba, inogona kuwedzerwa kune resin, simbi, ceramics nezvimwe zvinhu, kuwedzera anti-friction yezvinhu izvi, asi zvakare inogona kushandiswa zvakananga senge friction pair material, sekugadzira mapepa, kugadzirwa kwehuni, machira, chikafu uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzinodzivirira mafuta emabhengi, tembiricha yakakwira plain bearings, zvindori zvekuisa chisimbiso, mhete dzepiston, scrapers uye zvichingodaro. Iyo "kirasi" inomiririra chiratidzo checarbon-graphite zvinhu zvemakanika engineering ndeyeM, uye kune ina dzakateedzana: kabhoni-graphite zvinhu, electrochemical graphite zvinhu, resin kabhoni composite zvinhu uye simbi graphite zvinhu.
ceramic
Ceramics inorganic isiri-metallic natural minerals kana artificial compounds seyakagadzirwa, nekukuya, kuumba uye yakanyanya tembiricha sintering, inoumbwa akawanda inorganic asiri-metallic madiki makristasi uye girazi chikamu chezvinhu zvisiri-simbi. Traditional Ceramics inogadzirwa ne inorganic isiri-metallic natural minerals, yakadai sevhu, feldspar, quartz, etc. Special Ceramics inogadzirwa nemishonga yakagadzirwa semafuta. Maceramics anoshandiswa muinjiniya yemechini anowanzo akakosha ceramics akagadzirwa nealumina, magnesium oxide, zirconia, lead oxide, titanium oxide, silicon carbide, boron carbide, silicon nitride, boron nitride uye mamwe macomputer ekugadzira.
Zvimiro zveceramics zvinonyanya kutsanangurwa neiyo microstructure yavo, kusanganisira saizi yezviyo uye kugovera, kuumbwa uye zvirimo zvechikamu chegirazi, uye chimiro, zvirimo uye kugovera kwetsvina. Iyo microstructure inotarirwa neyakagadzirwa zvinhu, kuumbwa uye kugadzira maitiro. Mamiriro akajairika emakeramiki kuomarara kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwesimba, kupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kusagadzika kwekusapfeka, oxidation kuramba, corrosion resistance, brittleness, impact resistance uye kusaita ductility.
Ceramic rudzi rutsva rwekutakura zvinhu pasina lubrication, kunyanya SiC uye Si3N4, simba radzo, kupisa kwekushisa uye kusagadzikana kwekuora kwakanaka kwazvo, tribological properties zvakare yakanaka kwazvo.