Kuthyoka kwa crankshaft nthawi zambiri kumayambira ku mng'alu wawung'ono kwambiri, ndipo ming'alu yambiri ndi ming'alu imachitika polumikizana ndi mkono wa crank pamakona ozungulira a magazini yolumikizira ndodo ya silinda yamutu kapena silinda yomaliza. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, ming'aluyo inakula pang'onopang'ono ndikusweka mwadzidzidzi itafika pamlingo wina. Mbali ya bulauni nthawi zambiri imapezeka pamtunda wosweka, womwe mwachiwonekere ndi mng'alu wakale, ndipo mawonekedwe onyezimira ndi onyezimira ndi chizindikiro cha kusweka mwadzidzidzi pambuyo pake. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe chimayambitsa crankshaft yosweka ndi aliyense lero! Vuto la kuwonongeka kwa injini ya crankshaft

1. Makona ozungulira kumapeto onse a nyuzipepala ya crankshaft ndi yaying'ono kwambiri

Pamene akupera crankshaft, chopukusira analephera kulamulira bwino axial fillet crankshaft. Kuphatikiza pakupanga makina okhwima, ma radius a fillet ndi ochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, crankshaft ikagwira ntchito, kupsinjika kwakukulu kumachitika pafillet, ndipo crankshaft imafupikitsidwa. Moyo wotopa.

2. Offset of crankshaft main magazine axis

Axis ya magazini yayikulu ya crankshaft imapatuka, zomwe zimawononga mphamvu ya msonkhano wa crankshaft. Injini ya dizilo ikamathamanga kwambiri, imapanga mphamvu yamphamvu yosasunthika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti crankshaft ithyoke.

3. Mpikisano wozizira wa crankshaft ndi waukulu kwambiri

Pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito crankshaft kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka pakachitika ngozi zowotcha matailosi kapena ngozi za cylinder ramming, mipindi yayikulu imachitika, ndipo iyenera kuchotsedwa kuti ikonze zozizira. Chifukwa cha mapindikidwe apulasitiki achitsulo chamkati cha crankshaft pakuwongolera, kupsinjika kwakukulu kumapangidwa, motero kumachepetsa mphamvu ya crankshaft. Ngati mpikisano wozizira ndi waukulu kwambiri, crankshaft ikhoza kuwonongeka kapena kusweka. Mtundu woterewu wa crankshaft umasweka utangogwiritsidwa ntchito.

4. The flywheel ndi yotayirira

Ngati mabawuti a flywheel atayika, msonkhano wa crankshaft udzataya mphamvu yake yoyambira, ndipo injini ya dizilo idzagwedezeka ikatha, ndipo mphamvu yaikulu ya inertia idzapangidwa nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti crankshaft itope ndikusweka mosavuta. mapeto a mchira.

5. Ubwino wa crankshaft womwewo ndi woyipa

Osagula ma crankshafts otsika mtengo, muyenera kuwagula kuchokera kumayendedwe okhazikika. Iyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala musanayike, ndipo ngati pali vuto, iyenera kusinthidwa kapena kubwezeretsedwa panthawi yake. Kuphatikiza apo, injini ikasinthidwa, crankshaft iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi maginito kapena kumiza mafuta. Ngati tsamba la magazini lili ndi ming'alu ya radial kapena ming'alu ya axial yomwe imafikira pamapewa ozungulira, crankshaft singagwiritsidwenso ntchito.

6. Mzere wosiyana wa kunyamula kwakukulu

Mukasonkhanitsa crankshaft, ngati mizere yapakati ya tchire zazikulu pa cylinder block ndi yosiyana ndi axis, injini ya dizilo imakonda kuyaka chitsamba ndikusunga ngozi pambuyo pa opareshoni, ndipo crankshaft nayonso idzasweka pansi pakuchita mwamphamvu. kusinthasintha maganizo.

7. Chilolezo cha msonkhano wa crankshaft ndi chachikulu kwambiri

Ngati chilolezo chofananira pakati pa crankshaft magazine ndi chitsamba chonyamula ndi chachikulu kwambiri, crankshaft imakhudza chitsamba injini ya dizilo ikatha, koma aloyiyo imagwa ndipo chitsambacho chimayaka ndikusunga tsinde, ndipo crankshaft imatha. komanso kuonongeka mosavuta.

8. Nthawi yoperekera mafuta ndiyoyambika kwambiri kapena kuchuluka kwa mafuta pa silinda iliyonse sikufanana

Ngati nthawi yoperekera mafuta papope yamafuta ikayambika kwambiri, pisitoni imawotcha ndikugwira ntchito pamalo oyambira akufa, zomwe zingapangitse injini ya dizilo kugunda ndipo crankshaft imakhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kosinthana. Ngati mafuta a cylinder iliyonse ndi osagwirizana, mphamvu ya magazini iliyonse ya crankshaft idzakhala yosiyana chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa kuphulika kwa silinda iliyonse, zomwe zingayambitse kutopa msanga ndi ming'alu.

9. Kusapaka mafuta a crankshaft

Ngati mpope wamafuta wavala kwambiri, njira yamafuta opaka mafuta ndi yakuda, ndipo kutuluka kwake sikuli kosalala, mafutawo amakhala osakwanira ndipo kuthamanga kwamafuta kumatsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kulephera kwa filimu yopaka mafuta opaka pakati pa crankshaft ndi crankshaft. zokhala ndi tchire, zomwe zingayambitse kukangana kouma ndikuwotcha tchire ndi mitengo. , Kuphwanya crankshaft ndi ngozi zina zazikulu.

10. Crankshaft fracture chifukwa cha ntchito yosayenera

Ngati throttle ndi yokwera kwambiri kapena yotsika kwambiri, mabuleki amakhala pafupipafupi kapena olemedwa kwa nthawi yayitali panthawi yogwira ntchito, crankshaft imawonongeka ndi torque yochulukirapo kapena kuchuluka kwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, crankshaft imakondanso kusweka injini ya dizilo ikachita ngozi monga kuthawa, ramming ndi ejection ya valve. Kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa mavuto a injini crankshaft fracture

Pofuna kupewa crankshaft kusweka, njira zotsatirazi zitha kuchitidwa pakukonza:

Choyamba, musanayambe kukonza crankshaft, yang'anani mosamala ming'alu ya crankshaft, samalani kwambiri ndi gawo la kusintha kwa fillet, ngati pali mng'alu, shaft iyenera kuchotsedwa. Pogaya magaziniyi, sungani utali wina wa fillet pakati pa magazini ndi mkono wopindika. Osachepetsa kukula kwa fillet mosasamala. Samalani kumapeto kwa fillet, apo ayi zingayambitse kupsinjika ndikupangitsa crankshaft kusweka.

Kachiwiri, pamene kuvala kwa magazini kukula kupitirira malire, m'pofunika kusankha njira yomwe ilibe mphamvu zochepa pa mphamvu ya kutopa kwa magazini kuti muchiritse. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ndikokulirapo.

Kenako, chilolezo chofananira ndi chilolezo chomaliza cha magazini iliyonse ndi mawonekedwe ake ayenera kukhala molingana ndi muyezo. Ngati chilolezocho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, ndikosavuta kuwononga crankshaft chifukwa champhamvu. Ngati chilolezocho ndi chaching'ono kwambiri, crankshaft ikhoza kusweka chifukwa chogwira shaft. Pankhani ya kusonkhana, nthawi yoyatsira iyenera kusinthidwa molondola, osati mofulumira kwambiri kapena kubwereranso kwambiri, tcherani khutu kumtunda wa crankshaft, flywheel ndi clutch.