Tikakonza injini yamagalimoto, chodabwitsa cha "kudontha kutatu" (kutuluka kwamadzi, kutulutsa mafuta ndi kutulutsa mpweya) ndiye mutu wovuta kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito yosamalira. "Atatu kutayikira" zingaoneke wamba, koma mwachindunji amakhudza ntchito yachibadwa ya galimoto ndi ukhondo maonekedwe a injini galimoto. Kaya "kudontha kutatu" m'magawo ofunikira a injini kutha kuwongoleredwa mosamalitsa ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri yomwe ogwira ntchito yokonza ayenera kuganizira.

1 Mitundu ya zisindikizo za injini ndi kusankha kwawo

Ubwino wa zida zosindikizira injini ndi kusankha kwake kolondola kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a chisindikizo cha injini.

① Cork board gasket
Ma gaskets a Corkboard amapanikizidwa kuchokera ku khola la granular ndi binder yoyenera. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu poto yamafuta, chivundikiro cham'mphepete mwa jekete lamadzi, potulutsa madzi, nyumba ya thermostat, mpope wamadzi ndi chivundikiro cha valve, ndi zina. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito, ma gaskets oterowo sakhalanso okonda magalimoto amakono chifukwa chakuti matabwa a cork amasweka mosavuta. zovuta kuyika, koma zitha kugwiritsidwabe ntchito ngati cholowa m'malo.

② Gasket mbale ya asbestos gasket
Liner asbestos board ndi zinthu ngati mbale zopangidwa ndi asibesitosi fiber ndi zomatira, zomwe zimakhala ndi kukana kutentha, kukana kupanikizika, kukana mafuta, komanso kusasintha. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu carburetors, mapampu amafuta, zosefera zamafuta, nyumba zosungira nthawi, ndi zina.

③ Padi labala losamva mafuta
Phasa la rabara losamva mafuta limapangidwa makamaka ndi mphira wa nitrile ndi mphira wachilengedwe, ndipo silika waasibesito amawonjezeredwa. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gasket wopangidwa kuti asindikize injini zamagalimoto, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafuta, zovundikira ma valve, zida zopangira nthawi komanso zosefera mpweya.

④ Gasket yapadera
a. Zisindikizo zamafuta zakutsogolo ndi zakumbuyo za crankshaft nthawi zambiri zimakhala zigawo zapadera. Ambiri aiwo amagwiritsa ntchito zisindikizo zamafuta a mphira. Mukayika, samalani ndi njira yake. Ngati palibe chizindikiro, mlomo wokhala ndi m'mimba mwake wocheperako wa chosindikizira mafuta uyenera kuyikidwa moyang'anizana ndi injini.
b. Silinda ya silinda nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena pepala lamkuwa la asbestosi. Pakalipano, ma gaskets ambiri a injini ya galimoto amagwiritsa ntchito ma gaskets ophatikizika, ndiko kuti, wosanjikiza wamkati wachitsulo umawonjezeredwa pakati pa wosanjikiza wa asbesitosi kuti ukhale wolimba. Chifukwa chake, kukana kwa "washout" kwa silinda mutu wa gasket kumakhala bwino. Kuyika kwa cylinder liner kuyenera kulabadira mayendedwe ake. Ngati pali cholembera "TOP", chiyenera kuyang'ana mmwamba; ngati palibe chizindikiro cha msonkhano, malo osalala a cylinder head gasket of the general cast iron iron silinda block ayenera kuyang'anizana ndi chipika cha silinda, pomwe silinda ya aluminium alloy silinda block iyenera kuyang'ana m'mwamba. Mbali yosalala ya gasket iyenera kuyang'anizana ndi mutu wa silinda.
c. Ma gaskets omwe amalowetsa ndi kutulutsa amapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena mkuwa wokutidwa ndi asibesitosi. Mukayikapo, samalani kuti malo opindika (ndiko kuti, osakhala osalala) ayang'anizana ndi thupi la silinda.
d. Chisindikizo chomwe chili kumbali ya kapu yomaliza ya crankshaft nthawi zambiri chimasindikizidwa ndi njira yofewa kapena nsungwi. Komabe, pamene palibe chidutswa choterocho, chingwe cha asbestosi choviikidwa mu mafuta odzola chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mmalo mwake, koma podzaza, chingwe cha asibesitosi chiyenera kuthyoledwa ndi mfuti yapadera kuti mafuta asatayike.
e. The spark pulagi ndi utsi chitoliro mawonekedwe gasket ayenera m'malo ndi gasket latsopano pambuyo disassembly ndi msonkhano; njira yowonjezera ma gaskets awiri sayenera kutengedwa kuti ateteze kutulutsa mpweya. Zochitika zatsimikizira kuti ntchito yosindikiza ya ma gaskets awiri ndiyoyipitsitsa.

⑤ Chosindikizira
Sealant ndi mtundu watsopano wazinthu zosindikizira pakukonza injini zamagalimoto zamakono. Maonekedwe ake ndi chitukuko chimapereka mikhalidwe yabwino yopititsira patsogolo ukadaulo wosindikiza ndikuthana ndi "kutulutsa kutatu" kwa injini. Pali mitundu yambiri ya zosindikizira, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kumadera osiyanasiyana a galimoto. Ma injini zamagalimoto nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zosindikizira zosamangika (zomwe zimadziwika kuti liquid gasket). Ndi chinthu chamadzimadzi cha viscous chokhala ndi polima pawiri ngati matrix. Pambuyo ❖ kuyanika, yunifolomu, khola ndi mosalekeza zomatira wosanjikiza woonda kapena peelable filimu aumbike pa olowa pamwamba pa mbali, ndipo akhoza kudzaza maganizo ndi pamwamba pa olowa pamwamba. mu gap. The sealant angagwiritsidwe ntchito yekha kapena osakaniza gaskets awo pa chivundikiro valavu injini, poto mafuta, valavu zonyamulira chivundikirocho, etc., komanso angagwiritsidwe ntchito payekha pansi pa chivundikiro chomaliza cha crankshaft, komanso mapulagi bowo mafuta ndi mapepala a mafuta. ndi zina zotero.

2 Zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa pakukonza zosindikizira zama injini

① Gasket yakale yosindikiza singagwiritsidwenso ntchito
Ma gaskets osindikiza a injini amaikidwa pakati pa zigawo ziwirizi. Ma gaskets akakanikizidwa, amafanana ndi kusafanana kwapang'onopang'ono kwa zigawozo ndikuchita ntchito yosindikiza. Chifukwa chake, nthawi iliyonse injini ikasungidwa, gasket yatsopano iyenera kusinthidwa, apo ayi, kutayikira kudzachitikadi.

② Pamwamba pa zigawozo ziyenera kukhala zosalala komanso zoyera
Musanakhazikitse gasket yatsopano, onetsetsani kuti olowa pamwamba pa gawolo ndi loyera komanso lopanda dothi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, yang'anani ngati pamwamba pa gawolo ndi opindika, ngati pali nsonga yopingasa pa bowo lolumikizira, etc. ., ndipo ziyenera kuwongoleredwa ngati kuli kofunikira. Kusindikiza kwa gasket kungathe kuchitidwa mokwanira pamene olowa pamwamba pa zigawozo ndi lathyathyathya, woyera ndi wopanda warping.

③ Gasket ya injini iyenera kuyikidwa bwino ndikusungidwa
Musanagwiritse ntchito, iyenera kusungidwa m'bokosi loyambirira, ndipo sayenera kupakidwa mosasamala kuti ipindike ndikuphatikizana, sayenera kupachikidwa pa mbedza.

④ Zingwe zonse zolumikizira ziyenera kukhala zoyera komanso zosawonongeka
Dothi pa ulusi wa ma bolts kapena mabowo omangira ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi ulusi kapena kugogoda; dothi pansi pa wononga mabowo ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi mpopi ndi wothinikizidwa mpweya; ulusi pa aluminium alloy silinda mutu kapena thupi la silinda ayenera kudzazidwa ndi sealant , kuteteza mpweya kulowa mu jekete lamadzi.

⑤ Njira yomangira iyenera kukhala yololera
Pamalo olumikizirana olumikizidwa ndi mabawuti angapo, bawuti imodzi kapena nati sayenera kuyimitsidwa nthawi imodzi, koma iyenera kuumitsidwa kangapo kuti kusasinthika kwa zigawozo zisakhudze ntchito yosindikiza. Maboliti ndi mtedza pamalo olumikizirana ofunikira ayenera kumangika molingana ndi dongosolo lomwe lafotokozedwa ndikumangirira torque.
a. Kumangirira kwa mutu wa silinda kuyenera kukhala kolondola. Mukamangitsa ma bawuti amutu wa silinda, iyenera kukulitsidwa molingana kuchokera pakati mpaka mbali zinayi, kapena molingana ndi tchati chokhazikika choperekedwa ndi wopanga.
b. Njira yomangirira yazitsulo zamutu wa silinda iyenera kukhala yolondola. Munthawi yanthawi zonse, mtengo wolimbitsa ma torque uyenera kulumikizidwa ku mtengo womwe watchulidwa mu nthawi za 3, ndipo kugawa kwa torque kwa nthawi 3 ndi 1/4, 1/2 ndi mtengo wotchulidwa. Zovala zamutu za cylinder zokhala ndi zofunikira zapadera ziyenera kuchitidwa motsatira malamulo a wopanga. Mwachitsanzo, Hongqi CA 7200 sedan imafuna torque ya 61N·m kwa nthawi yoyamba, 88N·m kachiwiri, ndi kuzungulira 90 ° kachitatu.
c. Aluminiyamu aloyi silinda mutu, popeza coefficient kukula kwake ndi wamkulu kuposa mabawuti, mabawuti ayenera kumangika mu nyengo yozizira. Zitsulo zamutu zachitsulo zachitsulo ziyenera kumangirizidwa kawiri, ndiko kuti, galimoto yozizira itatsekedwa, ndipo injini imatenthedwa ndikuyimitsidwa kamodzi.
d. Chophimba chamafuta chiyenera kukhala ndi chochapa chathyathyathya, ndipo makina ochapira masika sayenera kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi poto yamafuta. Mukamangitsa wononga, iyenera kulumikizidwa mofanana nthawi 2 kuchokera pakati mpaka malekezero awiri, ndipo torque yomangirira nthawi zambiri imakhala 2ON · m-3ON · m. Kuchulukirachulukira kumasokoneza poto yamafuta ndikuwononga magwiridwe antchito.

⑥ Kugwiritsa ntchito zosindikizira moyenera
a. Mapulagi onse amafuta a pulagi yamafuta amafuta ndi zolumikizira zolumikizira ma alarm amafuta ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi sealant pakukhazikitsa.
b. Ma gaskets a cork board sayenera kukutidwa ndi sealant, apo ayi ma gaskets ofewa a board amatha kuwonongeka mosavuta; zosindikizira sayenera yokutidwa pa silinda gaskets, kudya ndi utsi wochuluka gaskets, spark plug gaskets, carburetor gaskets, etc.
c. Pogwiritsa ntchito sealant, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana kumbali ina, ndipo sipayenera kukhala kusweka kwa guluu pakati, apo ayi padzakhala kutayikira pa guluu wosweka.
d. Mukasindikiza mawonekedwe a magawo awiriwa ndi sealant yokha, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa malo awiriwa kuyenera kukhala kochepa kapena kofanana ndi 0.1mm, apo ayi, gasket iyenera kuwonjezeredwa.

⑦ Zigawo zonse zikayikidwa ndikusonkhanitsidwanso momwe zingafunikire, ngati pali "zovuta zitatu zotayikira", vuto nthawi zambiri limakhala mu mtundu wa gasket wokha.
Panthawiyi, gasket iyenera kuyesedwanso ndikusinthidwa ndi yatsopano.

Malingana ngati zinthu zosindikizira zimasankhidwa moyenerera ndipo mavuto angapo osindikizira amayang'aniridwa, "kutuluka katatu" kwa injini yamagalimoto kumatha kuwongoleredwa bwino.