Momwe micrometer idabadwira

2023-01-12

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18, ma micrometer adalowa pagawo lopanga kupanga makampani opanga zida zamakina. Mpaka lero, micrometer ikadali imodzi mwa zida zoyezera bwino kwambiri pamisonkhano. Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe micrometer idabadwa.
Anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya ulusi poyeza kutalika kwa zinthu m’zaka za m’ma 1700. Mu 1638, W. Gascogine, katswiri wa zakuthambo ku Yorkshire, England, anagwiritsira ntchito mfundo ya ulusi poyeza mtunda wa nyenyezi. Kenako, mu 1693, iye anatulukira wolamulira kuyeza wotchedwa "caliper micrometer".
Iyi ndi njira yoyezera yokhala ndi shaft yokhala ndi ulusi womangika ku gudumu lozungulira lamanja kumapeto kwina ndi nsagwada zosunthika mbali inayo. Kuwerengera muyeso kungapezeke mwa kuwerengera kuzungulira kwa gudumu lamanja ndi dial yowerengera. Sabata ya kuyimba kowerengera imagawidwa m'magawo 10 ofanana, ndipo mtunda umayezedwa ndikusuntha chikwapu choyezera, chomwe chimazindikira kuyesa koyamba kwa anthu kuyeza utali ndi ulusi wa screw.
Zida zoyezera mwatsatanetsatane sizinali kupezeka pa malonda mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Sir Joseph Whitworth, yemwe adayambitsa ulusi wotchuka wa "Whitworth", adakhala mtsogoleri pakulimbikitsa malonda a micrometer. Brown & Sharpe wa American B&S Company adayendera Paris International Exposition yomwe idachitika mu 1867, komwe adawona Palmer micrometer kwa nthawi yoyamba ndikuibweretsanso ku United States. Brown & Sharpe anaphunzira mosamala za micrometer yomwe adabwera nayo kuchokera ku Paris ndikuwonjezera njira ziwiri: makina owongolera bwino a spindle ndi loko. Anapanga micrometer ya thumba mu 1868 ndipo adayibweretsa kumsika chaka chotsatira.
Kuyambira pamenepo, kufunikira kwa ma micrometer mumisonkhano yopanga makina kwanenedweratu molondola, ndipo ma micrometer oyenerera miyeso yosiyanasiyana akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zamakina.