Kamodzi kugubuduza kunyamula kwa crankshaft injini kulephera, kumakhudza mwachindunji luso la injini. Chifukwa chake, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa pakulephera kwa kugubuduza. Zolephera zodziwika bwino za rolling bearing tsopano zikuwunikidwa motere:
1. Pali kusiyana pakati pa kusuntha kwa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja za kunyamula ndi kuvala kwa ziwalo zokwerera.
①. Mphete yakunja ya bere imayendayenda mozungulira. Kuti atsogolere kuphatikizika ndi kusonkhana, mphete yakunja ya chimbalangondocho imatengera kusintha kosinthika ndi dzenje la mpando. Kusokoneza kwakukulu kwa mphete yakunja ya kutsogolo ndi 0.035mm, ndipo chilolezo chachikulu ndi 0.013mm. Kusokoneza kwakukulu kwa mphete yakunja yakumbuyo ndi 0.016mm, ndipo chilolezo chachikulu ndi 0.06mm. Posonkhanitsa, dzenje la mpando liyenera kuyezedwa, ndipo kusokoneza kwake kapena chilolezo chake sichiyenera kupitirira malire apamwamba, apo ayi dzenje la mpando liyenera kukonzedwa.
②. Mphete yamkati ya bere imayenda mozungulira. Mphete yamkati ya chozungulira imatengera kusokoneza kogwirizana ndi magazini. Kusokoneza kwakukulu kwa m'mimba mwake mkati mwa kutsogolo ndi 0.055mm, ndipo kusokoneza kochepa ndi 0.012mm. Kusokoneza kwakukulu kwa mainchesi amkati amtundu wakumbuyo ndi 0.046mm, ndipo kusokoneza kochepa ndi 0.003mm. Kuchokera pamawonedwe omwe ali pamwambawa, ngati chimbalangondocho chaphwanyidwa ndikusonkhanitsidwa kangapo, pangakhale kusiyana pakati pa mphete yamkati ndi magazini, magaziniyo iyenera kukonzedwa isanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kukwanira pakati pa tsinde ndi tsinde kukakhala kotayirira, ena ogwira ntchito yokonza zinthu amagwiritsa ntchito zojambulajambula kapena kukhomerera pamwamba pa tsinde lotayirira kuti aphwanye pamwamba pa tsindelo pofuna kuti pakhale pothina. Izi sizimangowononga mawonekedwe amtundu wa shaft pamwamba, zimapangitsa kuti kuberekako kusapeze malo oyenera apakati panthawi ya kukhazikitsa ndi skews, komanso gawo lophwanyika pamapeto pake lidzaphwanyidwa ndikukhala lotayirira. Njira yoyenera yokonzera ndikugaya ndi kukonza magazini kaye, kenako ndikupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
2. Khola lopindika latha, lopunduka kapena losweka
①. Posonkhanitsa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja za kugubuduza, chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwakukulu, mipira yonyamula imayikidwa mu mphete ya mpando, ndipo khola lokhala ndi khola limakanidwa mosavuta panthawi ya ntchito. Choncho, muyeso uyenera kuchitidwa panthawi yosonkhanitsa kuti zitsimikizire kusokoneza koyenera.
②. Kupaka mafuta a crankshaft ndi mtundu wa splash. Pamene kunyamula kulibe kapena kulibe mafuta odzola, makamaka pamene katundu wonyamula katunduyo ndi wamkulu, kutentha kwapakati kumakwera. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa mphete yamkati ya bere ndi pafupifupi 10 ° C kuposa momwe mphete yakunja imakhalira. Chifukwa kuwonjezereka kwa kutentha kwa mphete zamkati ndi zakunja ndizosiyana, kusiyana pakati pa mpira ndi mpikisano kumasowa, ndipo khola likhoza kufinya pamene kubereka kukuyenda. Chifukwa chake, pakuyika zonyamula, mafuta oyeretsera oyera amayenera kupakidwa panjira yothamangira kuti mafuta opaka mafuta asaphwanyike ndikuyambitsa kukangana kowuma.
3. The kugudubuzika kubala mpikisano ndi akugudubuzika chinthu pamwamba peeling
①. Peeling chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwamphamvu komanso kusinthana kupsinjika. Zomwe zimagubuduza zonyamula komanso mipikisano yamkati ndi yakunja ya mphete zonse zimakumana ndi zolemetsa za cyclic pulsating, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusinthasintha kolumikizana. Pamene chiwerengero cha kupsinjika maganizo chikafika pamtengo wina, kutopa kumapezeka pa malo ogwirira ntchito a zinthu zogubuduza kapena maulendo amkati ndi akunja a mphete. Ngati katundu wonyamula ndi waukulu kwambiri, kutopa kumeneku kumawonjezeka. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati chonyamuliracho chayikidwa molakwika ndipo kutsinde ndi kopindika, msewu wothamanga ukhoza kutha. Flywheel ndi pulley ya injini imakhala ndi ma counterweights, ndipo mphindi yozungulira ya inertia yopangidwa imakhala yoyenera ndi mphindi yozungulira ya inertia yopangidwa ndi gawo lozungulira la injini. Ngati nthawi yomwe inertia imapangidwa sikuyenda bwino, injiniyo imanjenjemera kwambiri ikayaka moto, zomwe zimawonjezera kuchuluka kwa kupsinjika kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kupsinjika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti panjira yothamangirako komanso zinthu zozungulira ziwonongeke msanga.
Pofuna kupewa kuphulika pamwamba pa msewu wothamanga ndi zinthu zogubuduza, katundu wowonjezera ndi kugwedezeka kosayenera kuyenera kupewedwa panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera panthawi ya opaleshoni kuti thirakitala isagwedezeke, ndipo mabawuti a thupi lokhazikika ayenera kukhala. amawunikiridwa pafupipafupi kuti asatuluke.
②. Chifukwa particles zakunja zolimba zimagwera pamtunda wofanana wa chipolopolo kapena pakati pa malo ofananirako a shaft ndi mphete, mawonekedwe a mpikisano amasokonekera. Chogudubuzacho chimayika chiwopsezo chachikulu apa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuvala mwachangu komanso kusenda kwachitsulo panjira yothamangira mphete. Rolling bearing ndi gawo lolondola kwambiri, lomwe limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zakunja. Pokonza, gwiritsani ntchito nsalu yoyeretsera yoyera, yopanda mpanda. Nsalu yopukutira sayenera kusinthidwa ndi ulusi wakale wa thonje, chifukwa ulusi umatha mu ulusi wakale wa thonje umasakanikirana mosavuta ndi mafuta odzola ndikulowetsamo, zomwe zimakhala zovulaza kwambiri. Musanasonkhanitse, yeretsani bwino magazini, bowo la mpando, ndi malo amkati ndi akunja a mphete kuti dothi lisalowe pamalo okwerera.
③. Zowonongeka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa msewu wothamanga panthawi yoika. Ngati panthawi ya kukhazikitsa, kupanikizika kogwiritsidwa ntchito kumafalikira kudzera mu mphete yakunja ndi mpira wachitsulo, mosakayika kumayambitsa maenje omwe ali ndi gawo lomwe msewu wothamanga wa mphete umagwirizanitsa ndi mpira wachitsulo. Mphunoyo idasweka ndipo inatha kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, zida zapadera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa, ndipo zida zonyamula mphamvu ziyenera kukhala zolondola komanso zofananira.
4. Chilolezo cha radial ndi axial cha kubereka chimawonjezeka
Ma radial ndi axial clearance of the bearings amawonjezeka, kupatula kukangana kowuma ndi kukangana kwakukulu ndi kuvala panthawi yoyambira. Zimakhala makamaka chifukwa cha kukangana pakati pa zitsulo particles pamwamba pa zigawo ndi mchenga, fumbi ndi dothi mu mafuta opaka pa zinthu akugudubuza ndi raceways.
Kunyamula kumakhala ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chilolezo pakati pa mphete ndi zinthu zogubuduza chifukwa cha kuvala kwa abrasive, pamwamba pa matte apangidwa panjira yothamanga, ndipo zizindikiro zosagwirizana zawonekera. Njira yopewera ndiyo kuchotsa mafuta opaka panthaŵi yake, ndipo bowo lopaka mafuta liyenera kukhala lopanda mpweya kuti dothi lisalowe.
