Muaj ntau yam uas cuam tshuam rau piston nplhaib hnav, thiab cov xwm txheej no feem ntau cuam tshuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom cav thiab kev siv cov xwm txheej sib txawv, thiab kev hnav ntawm lub nplhaib piston kuj txawv heev. Yog li ntawd, qhov teeb meem tsis tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev txhim kho cov qauv thiab cov khoom siv ntawm lub nplhaib piston nws tus kheej. Cov nram qab no tuaj yeem pib:

1. Xaiv cov khoom siv nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev txo hnav, raws li cov khoom siv rau piston rings, nws yuav tsum xub muaj qhov hnav tsis kam thiab roj cia. Feem ntau hais lus, nws yuav tsum yog tias thawj lub nplhaib roj hmab hnav ntau dua li lwm lub nplhaib. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv cov ntaub ntawv uas zoo khaws cov roj zaj duab xis kom tsis txhob raug puas tsuaj. Ib qho laj thawj vim li cas cam khwb cia hlau nrog cov qauv graphite muaj nuj nqis yog tias nws muaj cov roj zoo cia thiab hnav tsis kam.
Txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm lub nplhaib piston, ntau hom thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau alloy tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cov hlau cam khwb cia. Piv txwv li, chromium molybdenum tooj liab alloy cam khwb cia hlau nplhaib feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub cav tam sim no muaj cuab kev zoo nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hnav tsis kam thiab roj cia.
Hauv luv luv, cov khoom siv rau lub nplhaib piston yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tsim cov qauv tsim nyog hnav-tiv taus ntawm mos matrix thiab theem nyuaj, kom lub nplhaib piston yooj yim hnav thaum pib khiav-hauv, thiab nyuaj rau hnav tom qab khiav- hauv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv ntawm lub tog raj kheej sib phim nrog lub nplhaib piston kuj muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev hnav ntawm lub nplhaib piston. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov hnav yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws thaum qhov sib txawv hardness ntawm cov khoom sib tsoo yog xoom. Raws li qhov sib txawv hardness nce, hnav kuj nce. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum xaiv cov khoom siv, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom lub nplhaib piston ncav cuag qhov hnav tsis pub dhau lub tog raj kheej ntawm qhov chaw uas ob qhov chaw muaj lub neej ntev tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog vim tias hloov lub nplhaib piston yog kev lag luam thiab yooj yim dua li hloov lub tog raj kheej liner.
Rau abrasive hnav, ntxiv rau kev txiav txim siab hardness, cov nyhuv elastic ntawm cov khoom siv piston nplhaib yuav tsum tau xav txog. Cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj zog toughness yog nyuaj rau hnav thiab muaj siab hnav tsis kam.

2. Kev txhim kho cov qauv zoo

Tau ntau xyoo lawm, ntau qhov kev txhim kho tau ua rau cov qauv ntawm lub nplhaib piston nyob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev hloov pauv thawj lub nplhaib rau lub nplhaib ntawm lub nplhaib yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Vim tias lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag muaj ntau qhov zoo, raws li kev hnav khaub ncaws, txawm hais tias lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag txav mus los, cov roj lubricating tuaj yeem nqa lub nplhaib los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm cov roj wedge los xyuas kom meej lubrication zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thoob khib nyiab lub nplhaib kuj tseem tuaj yeem zam cov ntug load. Tam sim no, lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag feem ntau yog siv los ua thawj lub nplhaib hauv kev txhim kho lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lwm hom diesel xyaw.
Raws li rau lub nplhaib roj, lub puab brace coil caij nplooj ntoos hlav cam khwb cia hlau roj nplhaib, uas yog tam sim no feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, muaj zoo zoo. Lub nplhaib roj no nws tus kheej tau hloov pauv tau zoo heev thiab muaj kev hloov pauv zoo rau lub tog raj kheej deformed liner, kom nws tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo Lub lubrication txo qis hnav.
Yuav kom txo tau qhov hnav ntawm lub nplhaib piston, cov qauv ntoo khaub lig ntawm pawg piston nplhaib yuav tsum tau sib phim kom muaj kev sib khi zoo thiab lubricating roj zaj duab xis.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau txo qhov hnav ntawm lub nplhaib piston, cov qauv ntawm lub tog raj kheej liner thiab lub piston yuav tsum tsim kom tsim nyog. Piv txwv li, lub tog raj kheej liner ntawm Steyr WD615 cav txais lub platform net qauv. Thaum lub sij hawm khiav-hauv cov txheej txheem, qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm lub tog raj kheej liner thiab lub nplhaib piston raug txo. , Nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau cov kua roj lubrication, thiab tus nqi ntawm hnav yog tsawg heev. Ntxiv mus, lub mesh ua raws li cov roj cia tank thiab txhim kho lub peev xwm ntawm lub tog raj kheej liner kom khaws cov roj lubricating. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo heev los txo qhov hnav ntawm lub nplhaib piston thiab lub tog raj kheej liner. Tam sim no lub cav feem ntau tau txais qhov zoo ntawm lub tog raj kheej liner qauv duab. Txhawm rau txo qhov hnav ntawm lub ntsej muag sab sauv thiab sab qis kawg ntawm lub nplhaib piston, lub ntsej muag kawg ntawm lub nplhaib piston thiab lub nplhaib nplhaib yuav tsum tswj kom muaj kev tshem tawm kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau. Tsis tas li ntawd, inlaying hnav-resistant austenitic cam khwb cia hlau liners nyob rau hauv lub nplhaib sab sauv zawj ntawm lub piston kuj tuaj yeem txo qhov hnav ntawm lub ntsej muag sab sauv thiab sab qis, tab sis txoj kev no tsis tas yuav tsum tau txhawb nqa tag nrho tshwj tsis yog rau qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Vim nws cov khoom siv tes ua yog qhov nyuaj rau tus tswv, tus nqi kuj tseem siab dua.

3. Kev kho deg

Txoj kev uas tuaj yeem txo qhov hnav ntawm lub nplhaib piston yog ua kom kho qhov chaw. Tam sim no muaj ntau txoj kev kho saum npoo siv. Raws li deb ntawm lawv cov dej num muaj kev txhawj xeeb, lawv tuaj yeem raug sau tseg rau hauv peb pawg hauv qab no:
Txhim kho deg hardness kom txo tau abrasive hnav. Ntawd yog, txheej txheej hlau tawv heev yog tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub nplhaib, yog li cov mos cam khwb cia hlau abrasive tsis yooj yim rau embedded rau saum npoo, thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm lub nplhaib zoo tuaj. Loose-qhov chromium plating yog tam sim no siv dav tshaj plaws. Tsis tsuas yog cov chrome-plated txheej muaj siab hardness (HV800 ~ 1000), kev sib txhuam coefficient tsawg heev, thiab cov xoob-qhov chrome txheej muaj cov qauv roj zoo, yog li nws tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm lub nplhaib piston. . Tsis tas li ntawd, chromium plating muaj tus nqi qis, kev ruaj ntseg zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv feem ntau. Yog li ntawd, thawj lub nplhaib ntawm lub tsheb niaj hnub no txhua tus siv chrome-plated rings, thiab yuav luag 100% ntawm cov roj rings siv chrome-plated rings. Kev xyaum tau ua pov thawj tias tom qab lub nplhaib piston yog chrome-plated, tsis tsuas yog nws tus kheej hnav yog me me, tab sis hnav ntawm lwm piston rings thiab lub tog raj kheej liners uas tsis yog chrome-plated kuj yog me me.
Rau kev kub ceev lossis txhim khu kev qha, lub nplhaib piston yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog chromium-plated rau sab nrauv, tab sis kuj nyob rau sab sauv thiab qis kawg ntawm qhov kawg kom txo qhov kawg ntawm qhov hnav. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua qhov chrome-plated sab nrauv ntawm txhua pawg nplhaib kom txo tau qhov hnav ntawm tag nrho piston nplhaib pawg.
Txhim kho cov roj cia muaj peev xwm thiab muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub nplhaib piston kom tiv thaiv melting thiab hnav. Lub lubricating roj zaj duab xis rau ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub nplhaib piston raug rhuav tshem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab qee zaum qhuav kev sib txhuam yog tsim. Yog tias txheej txheej txheej txheej nrog cov roj cia thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fusion yog siv rau saum npoo ntawm lub nplhaib piston, nws tuaj yeem txo fusion hnav thiab txhim kho lub nplhaib kev ua haujlwm. Rub lub tog raj kheej muaj peev xwm. Molybdenum txau ntawm lub nplhaib piston muaj qhov ua haujlwm siab heev rau fusion hnav. Ntawm qhov tod tes, vim tias cov tshuaj txau molybdenum txheej yog cov txheej txheem roj porous; Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov melting point ntawm molybdenum yog qhov siab (2630 ° C), thiab nws tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv kev sib txhuam qhuav. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub nplhaib molybdenum-txhaj tshuaj muaj ib tug siab tiv thaiv vuam tshaj lub nplhaib chrome-plated. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov hnav tsis kam ntawm molybdenum txau lub nplhaib yog qhov phem dua li ntawm chrome-plated nplhaib. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi ntawm molybdenum txau lub nplhaib yog siab dua thiab cov txheej txheem muaj zog yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ruaj khov. Yog li ntawd, tshwj tsis yog tias molybdenum txau yog tsim nyog, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv chrome plating.
Txhim kho qhov kev kho saum npoo ntawm qhov pib khiav-hauv. Hom kev kho saum npoo no yog los npog lub nplhaib piston nrog ib txheej ntawm cov khoom siv mos mos thiab elastic, kom lub nplhaib thiab qhov tawm ntawm lub tog raj kheej liner tiv tauj thiab ua kom nrawm nrawm, yog li ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm luv. thiab ua rau lub nplhaib nkag mus rau lub xeev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. . Kev kho phosphating yog tam sim no siv ntau dua. Ib zaj duab xis phosphating nrog cov mos mos thiab hnav yooj yim yog tsim rau ntawm lub nplhaib piston. Vim tias kev kho phosphating yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej yooj yim, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, tus nqi qis, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab, nws feem ntau siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem piston nplhaib ntawm cov cav me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, tin plating thiab oxidation kev kho mob kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov pib khiav-hauv.
Hauv kev kho saum npoo ntawm piston rings, chromium plating thiab molybdenum txau yog cov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob ntawm seb hom cav, qauv, kev siv thiab kev ua haujlwm, lwm txoj kev kho saum npoo kuj tseem siv tau, xws li kev kho mos nitriding, kev kho vulcanization, thiab ferroferric oxide filling.