ʻO ke apo piston kekahi o nā ʻāpana kikoʻī o ka mīkini diesel, a maikaʻi ʻole kona kūlana hana. Inā hoʻohana pono ʻia ka ʻenekini diesel a mālama pono ʻole ʻia, a ʻaʻole pololei ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke apo piston, e loaʻa mai ke kapa ʻino o ke apo piston. Eia kahi hoʻolauna pōkole i nā ʻano a me nā kumu o ka ʻaʻahu maʻamau o ke apo piston:

1. Poino luhi

1) Nā hiʻohiʻona. ʻO nā papa hana o luna a me lalo o ke apo piston ua ʻoki loa ʻia a ʻeha nui ʻia, a ua pōwehiwehi ke kala o ke apo piston; ʻO ka ʻili pili o ke apo piston mua a me ka ʻilina ua ʻeha loa, a ʻo ka ʻili hana o waho o ke apo piston o ka hapa nui o nā pahu he mau ʻōpala liʻiliʻi ma ka axis cylinder. ; He nui ka sludge a me ka pena kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma ke kua o ke apo kinoea a puni ka lua hoʻihoʻi aila o ke awāwa apo aila.

2) Nā kumu. ʻO ke kumu kūpono o ka pōʻino luhi o ke apo piston ke ʻano hana a me ka mālama pono ʻole o ka mīkini i ka wā holo. ʻO nā mea hoʻoikaika nui: hana ka mīkini diesel i ka wikiwiki a me ka ukana kaumaha no ka manawa lōʻihi i ka wā o ka holo ʻana, a i ʻole e pio koke ke kaʻa i ka wā wela; ʻO ka hose e hoʻopili ana i ka kānana ea i ka paipu intake he pōkole pōkole, e komo ai ka lepo i loko o ka cylinder; ʻAʻole kūpono ke ʻano o ka ʻaila lubricating i nā koi i ʻōlelo ʻia, a he koʻikoʻi ka pollution; maikaʻi ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka wahie o ka injector a i ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka wahie i koho ʻia he ʻilihune, hana ka mīkini diesel i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi; ʻaʻole pololei ka huina hoʻolako wahie, etc.

2. Haʻihaʻi

1) Nā hiʻohiʻona. Ua haki ke apo piston mua a ua poino ke apo piston; aia nā hōʻailona huki ma ka ʻaoʻao hana o waho o ke apo piston a me ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka cylinder; ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka ʻūhā piston a me ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka cylinder; ʻike pinepine ʻia nā haʻihaʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka wehe. ʻāpana lae.

2) Nā kumu. ʻO ke kumu kūpono o ka haki ʻana o ke apo piston he hoʻohana pono ʻole a mālama ʻole paha i ka ʻenekini. ʻO nā kumu hoʻoikaika nui: hana ka mīkini diesel ma lalo o ka wela no ka manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻopili ai ke apo piston; nui loa ka viscosity o ka aila lubricating; ʻAʻole kūpono ke koho ʻana i ke apo piston a i ʻole ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ʻo ia ke kumu o ke koʻikoʻi o ke apo piston; ka piston a me ka cylinder He liʻiliʻi loa ka ʻae ʻana o ka ʻenekini diesel; ke hana nei ka mīkini diesel ma lalo o nā kūlana deflagration no ka manawa lōʻihi.

3. apo lāʻau

1) Nā hiʻohiʻona. Nui nā ʻōpala, nā waihona kalapona a me nā waiho colloidal ma ke apo piston a me ke apo piston apo; ʻO ka ʻili o waho o ke apo piston e hōʻike mai i kahi ʻōlinolino, a aia nā ʻōpala longitudinal hohonu; nawaliwali ka elasticity o ke apo piston.

2) Nā kumu. ʻO ke kumu kūpono o ke apo pipili, ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ke apo piston e ka ʻōpala a me nā waiho kalapona, a ua deformed ke apo piston a me ka cylinder. ʻO nā mea nui e hoʻohuli ai: ʻo ka deformation thermal nui o ke apo piston a me ka cylinder, liʻiliʻi loa ke kua hope a me ke kua o ke apo piston, e hoʻopaʻa i ke apo i ke apo a hiki ʻole ke neʻe; ʻO ka mīkini diesel ka mea wela a lōʻihi paha ka hoʻouka ʻana, kahi e hoʻohua ai ka aila lubricating colloid kiʻekiʻe; ʻO ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻaila lubricating; maikaʻi ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka wahie injector; maikaʻi ʻole ka hana ʻana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe crankcase, e hoʻoulu ai i ke kaomi maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana o ka ea cylinder, e holo ai ka aila; koho kūpono ʻole o nā cylinder liners a i ʻole nā ​​ala paʻi kūpono ʻole Deformation a pēlā aku.

4. Aahu hapa

1) Nā hiʻohiʻona. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o luna a me lalo o ke apo piston a me ke apo apo he lole liʻiliʻi, unilateral a i ʻole like ʻole ma ka ʻili o ka pōʻai; aia nā ʻōpala longitudinal ma ka ʻaoʻao hana o waho o ke apo piston ma muli o ke kāʻei paʻa; aia ka puhi ʻana ma ke apo piston a me ka piko o ka ʻohi piston.

2) Nā kumu. ʻO ke kumu kūpono o ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o ke apo piston ma muli o ke kūlana hewa o ka piston i loko o ka cylinder. ʻO nā kumu nui e hoʻoikaika ai: ʻaʻole lawa ka holo ʻana o ka mīkini hou a i ʻole ka mīkini diesel ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana; deformation thermal o ka liner cylinder a me ke kūlana kūpono ʻole ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka cylinder i loko o ka poloka cylinder; ke kulou a wili paha o ke kookoo hookui; ka nui o ka crankshaft axial clearance, etc.


5. Nā ʻōpala ma ka ʻili hana

1) Nā hiʻohiʻona. Aia nā ʻāwī lōʻihi ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke apo piston a i ʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao hana pōʻai; ka ʻili metala a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpala ʻāpana nui ma ka ʻili pili; ʻO nā ʻōpala ili hana a me nā apo pipili pinepine i ka manawa like.

2) Nā kumu. ʻO ke kumu kūpono o nā ʻōpala piston apo ma muli o ka luku ʻana i ke kiʻi ʻaila lubricating ma waena o ke apo piston a me ka cylinder. ʻO nā kumu nui e hoʻoikaika ai: ʻo ka ʻae ʻana ma waena o ka piston a me ka cylinder he liʻiliʻi loa; ʻAʻole kūpono ke ʻano o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke apo piston a i ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka waha apo i ka makemake i ka wā o ka hui e hoʻopōʻino ai; ʻaʻole pololei ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana i ka liner cylinder a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke poʻo cylinder, e hoʻopōʻino ai ka liner cylinder; ʻO ka hana lōʻihi o ka mīkini diesel ma lalo o nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe e haki ai ke kiʻi ʻaila lubricating; lawa ʻole ka aila lubricating a i ʻole ka pollution koʻikoʻi, etc.