He mea nui ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā ʻano friction no ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻano friction o nā aila kai ma lalo o ka wahie sulfur haʻahaʻa a me nā kūlana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e ʻimi ana i nā hopena e hōʻemi i ka ʻaʻahu a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o nā mea ʻenekini. ʻO nā ʻano o ka ʻaʻahu aʻe e hana nui ʻia i loko o nā wahi lubrication hui ʻia a me nā palena lubrication, ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ratio o nā mea hoʻohui, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka lole anti-mechanical a me ka anti-corrosive lole o ka lubricant, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke ola lawelawe o nā ʻāpana mechanical. hoʻonui i ka hana maoli.

Mai ka nānā ʻana i nā kumu kumu o ka ʻaʻahu, ʻo ka ʻāpana "cylinder liner-piston ring" o ka ʻenekini moana e pili ana i kēia mau ʻano ʻehā o ka lole.

(1) ʻO ka ʻaʻahu luhi he mea ia e hoʻohua ai ka ʻili friction i ka deformation nui a me ke koʻikoʻi ma ka wahi pili, a hana i nā māwae a luku ʻia. ʻO ka ʻaʻahu luhi no ka nalo ʻana o nā ʻāpana mechanical i loko o ke ʻano maʻamau;

(2) ʻO ka ʻaʻahu abrasive he mea ia e hoʻoulu ai nā ʻāpana paʻakikī i nā abrasion a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā mea ʻili ma luna o ka ʻili o ka paʻa paʻa i ka neʻe pili. ʻO ka ʻaʻahu abrasive nui e hoʻopololei i ka paia cylinder engine a paʻakikī ka lubricant e hana paʻa ma ka ʻili o ka paia cylinder. ʻO kaʻaila kiʻiʻoniʻoni, e hoʻonui ai i kaʻaʻahu, ka aluminika a me ke silika i loko o ka wahie ke kumu nui o ka lole abrasive;

(3) Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻaʻahu adhesive ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi o waho a i ʻole ka hemahema o ka lubricating medium, ka ʻili o ka friction "adhesive". ʻO kaʻaʻahu adhesive heʻano koʻikoʻi loa ia e hiki ai ke hoʻokuʻu i ka uhi mea kūikawā ma luna o kaʻili o ka cylinder liner e peel off , No ka pōʻino nui i ka hana maʻamau o ka mīkini;

(4) ʻO ka ʻaʻahu corrosion ke ʻano o ka poho waiwai i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kemika a i ʻole ka hopena electrochemical ma waena o ka mea ʻili a me ke ʻano a puni i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻili o ka friction, a me ka nalowale waiwai i hana ʻia e ka hana mechanical. I ka hihia o ka ʻinoʻino nui a me ka ʻaʻahu, e ʻoki ʻia ka mea ʻili o ka paia cylinder, a i ka wā e neʻe ʻia ai ka ʻili o ka lua friction, e nalowale ka ʻili o ka ʻili i nā hiʻohiʻona kumu mua a e pōʻino loa.